Identification of Nitrate Sources and Main Controlling Factors in Shallow Groundwater Based on MixSIAR and Random Forest Model

LI Peiyue; LI Lingxi; TIAN Yan; HE Song; KOU Xiaomei

doi:10.12401/j.nwg.2024095

Northwestern Geology > 2025 > 58(2): 80-90. > DOI: 10.12401/j.nwg.2024095

LI Peiyue，LI Lingxi，TIAN Yan，et al. Identification of Nitrate Sources and Main Controlling Factors in Shallow Groundwater Based on MixSIAR and Random Forest Model[J]. Northwestern Geology，2025，58（2）：80−90. doi: 10.12401/j.nwg.2024095

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Identification of Nitrate Sources and Main Controlling Factors in Shallow Groundwater Based on MixSIAR and Random Forest Model

LI Peiyue^{1, 2, 3, 4,},
LI Lingxi^{2, 3, 4},
TIAN Yan¹,
HE Song⁵,
KOU Xiaomei⁵

1.
PowerChina Sinohydro Bureau 3 Co., LTD., Xi’an 710024, Shaanxi, China
2.
School of Water and Environment, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi, China
3.
Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi, China
4.
Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydrology and Water Security in Aridand Semi-Arid Regions of the Ministry of Water Resources, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi, China
5.
PowerChina Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited, Xi’an 710065, Shaanxi, China

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Received Date: September 09, 2024
Revised Date: October 17, 2024
Accepted Date: October 17, 2024
Available Online: October 22, 2024

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Abstract

Abstract

As the most common pollutant in global water resources, the identification of the main controlling factors and sources of NO₃⁻ is crucial to the control of NO₃⁻ pollution. Based on methods such as human health risk model, random forest model, isotope and MixSIAR model, this study analyzed the distribution characteristics and potential risks of shallow groundwater NO₃⁻ in Huazhou District, and revealed the main controlling factors and main sources of shallow groundwater NO₃⁻. The results show that the shallow groundwater NO₃⁻ concentration in Huazhou District is high in the west and low in the east, especially in the southwest. The NO₃⁻ concentration is as high as 271 mg/L. The main factors controlling NO₃⁻ concentration being EC＞ORP＞Ca²⁺＞Mg²⁺＞T＞TDS＞HCO₃⁻. The main sources of NO₃⁻ are soil nitrogen and manure & sewage. The manure & sewage contributes the most to the NO₃⁻ content (63.8%), followed by soil nitrogen (19%) and chemical fertilizer (12.7%). Long-term drinking of shallow groundwater with high NO₃⁻ concentration in the study area has potential risks to human health, especially for children, whose HHRA assessment risk is as high as 7.904.
- shallow groundwater nitrate,
- nitrogen and oxygen isotopes,
- Bayesian mixed model,
- Random Forest model,
- health risk assessment

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Identification of Nitrate Sources and Main Controlling Factors in Shallow Groundwater Based on MixSIAR and Random Forest Model

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