Geological Hazard Failure Mode and Risk Control of Slopes along the Yellow River Highway: Taking the Suide Qingjian Section in Shaanxi Province as an Example

The Yellow River Highway is located in the middle reaches of the Yellow River on the Loess Plateau, where geological hazards such as landslides and collapses occur frequently, posing a threat to the road safety along the Yellow River Highway. This article summarizes the deformation and failure evolution patterns of geological hazards along the Suide Qingjian section of the Yellow River Highway in Shaanxi Province through a 1∶10000 field survey, and quantitatively evaluates the property and personnel risks of slope geological hazards. The results show that: ① 51 geological hazards have developed along the Yellow River Highway in the Suide Qingjian section of Shaanxi Province, mainly small-scale bedrock collapses; Collapse includes rock collapse and soil collapse, and its failure modes are divided into three categories: toppling, sliding, and falling; The landslides are all loess landslides, with a tensile shear sliding failure mode. ② 51 geological hazards result in annual property losses ranging from 0.0005 to 3.375 million yuan per year, with an annual mortality probability of 4.16 × 10⁻⁵ to 4.40 × 10⁻² per person. Among them, there are 12 low-risk sources, 9 medium risk sources, 18 high-risk sources, and 12 extremely high-risk sources. ③ Based on the failure mode and risk assessment results of the slope, corresponding risk control measures and suggestions have been formulated for the geological hazards of the slope in the study area, including relocation avoidance, professional monitoring, engineering prevention and control, and group strategy and prevention. The research results provide technical support for geological hazard prevention and reduction along the Yellow River Highway.