Research on Mine Ecological Environment Monitoring Technology Based on Multi-source Remote Sensing Data: A Case Study in Northern Shaanxi Coal Base

The exploitation of mineral resources can have negative effects on the local ecological environment and the livelihoods of nearby residents. Remote sensing technology provides a more cost-effective and comprehensive approach to monitoring mine ecology compared to traditional ground-based methods. Its high spectral, spatial, and temporal resolution enables a comprehensive and dynamic reflection of the status and development trends of ecological issues in mines. The northern Shaanxi coal base is a significant coal energy base in China. This paper focused on a production mine, comprehensively utilized Optical Remote Sensing and Radar Remote Sensing technologies, we can accurately capture the characteristics of regional elements such as ground subsidence, land damage, as well as surface water and vegetation conditions induced by coal mining activities. For key monitoring areas, the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) remote sensing technology further enables refined monitoring and identification of local elements such as ground fissures and unstable slopes. This has systematically established a comprehensive remote sensing monitoring technology system for mine ecological environment, encompassing data acquisition, data processing, remote sensing interpretation, and data analysis. Research results indicate that multi-source remote sensing technology, with its outstanding global perspective, macro-analysis capabilities, and robust data traceability, has demonstrated an irreplaceable advantage in the field of mine ecological environment monitoring, achieving remarkable application effects. According to the proposal, the future intelligent mine environmental monitoring and early warning system should be developed with a focus on “multi-network integration + real-time monitoring + intelligent operation + task collaboration + comprehensive perception + autonomous decision-making”.