Geological Characteristics and Prospecting Potential of Copper and Gold Mineralization of Ductile Shear Zone Type in Ha’erlike Mountain District of Xinjiang

Ductile shear belts of Yantuodaban, Tashuihe-Banfanggou, southern Tashuihe were developed in Ha'erlike mountain district of Xinjiang in middle-late Hercynian tectogenesis epoch. As the ductile shear belts were formed in medium or deep tectonic levels, they have rich chemical composition fluid of deep source, high temperature and high pressure. Besides, they can cause strong broken and mylonization of rock, and leading to larger permeability in the shear belt than in the surrounding rock. They can also leach metallogenic minerals such as Au and Cu from neutral-basic volcanic rock and neutral-acidic intrusive rock. Influenced by late orogenetic movement, the belts were lifted up to a shallow part. Under the driving of pressure gradient, the belts changed from intense strain area to weak strain area and to the brittle ductile transition area inside the shearing belt. Copper and gold mineralization is thus formed in the ductile shear belt or nearby quartz vein and tectonic alteration rock. The alternation in mylonitization andesite, tuff, sedimentary rock and monzonitic granite formed silification, epidotization, chloritization and sericitization. The copper and gold mineralization took place in quartz vein.While the mineralization of copper and gold in alternation rock do not share spatial intergrowth. The main metallogenic happens in the Carboniferous Period. The mineralization currently outcrops are hints for underground ductile shear belt mineralization. The ductile shear belt development area has the source-bed of copper and gold and good geochemical anormaly. There is better prospecting potential along the ductile shear belt or deep below, because of the stable extension of tectonic alteration belt and mineralization belt.