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GUO Xiaobao, YU Jiyuan, XIAO Peixi. Study on Ore-forming Fluid Inclusions and Geological Characteristics of the Gongpoquan Porphyry Copper Deposit in Beishan, Gansu Province[J]. Northwestern Geology, 2015, 48(1): 91-100.
Citation: GUO Xiaobao, YU Jiyuan, XIAO Peixi. Study on Ore-forming Fluid Inclusions and Geological Characteristics of the Gongpoquan Porphyry Copper Deposit in Beishan, Gansu Province[J]. Northwestern Geology, 2015, 48(1): 91-100.
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Study on Ore-forming Fluid Inclusions and Geological Characteristics of the Gongpoquan Porphyry Copper Deposit in Beishan, Gansu Province

  • 1. School of Earth and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, Beijing, China;

  • 2. Xi'an Center of Geological Survey, CGS, Xi'an 710045, Shaanxi, China

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  • Received Date: December 11, 2014
  • Revised Date: February 07, 2015
  • Available Online: July 28, 2022
  • Published Date: March 04, 2015
    Graphical Abstract
    • Abstract
  • Gongpoquan copper deposit is a typical porphyry copper deposit located in the Gongpoquan island arc zone of Gansu-Mongolia-Beishan porphyry copper metallogenic belt. The host rocks are characterized by dacite porphyry, granodiorite porphyry and quartz diorite porphyrite. The ore minerals mainly consist of chalcopyrites and bornites, with few pyrites, sphalerites, galenas and digenites etc. The study of fluid inclusions in the ore-bearing vein-quartz concludes four types of fluid inclusions namely pure vapor inclusions (I-type), pure aqueous inclusions (II-type), nature aqueous-rich gas-liquid two phase inclusions (IIIa-type) and secondary aqueous-rich gas-liquid two phase inclusions (IIIb-type). The mineralization is closely related to nature aqueous-rich gas-liquid two phase inclusions, i.e. IIIa-type. This kind of fluid inclusions have homogenization temperature of 103-250℃, salinity of 0.18%-9.98%(NaCleq), and density of 0.75-1.0g/cm3, which shows that the ore-forming fluid is mesothermal, with low salinity and low density. Laser-Raman microspectroscopy analyses reveal that the liquid phase is mainly composed of H2O, and the vapor phase of H2, N2 and CO2. The rising and emplacement of porphyry provided ore-forming materials such as Cu and S for the formation of the copper deposit. Due to late tectonic activity, the porphyry became mobilized and generated ore-forming fluid through differentiation, the decompressing boiling of which resulted in separation of phases whilemigrating upward, and then Cu precipitated. Therefore, the decompressing boiling might be mainly responsible for the precipitation of metal in fluid.
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