Tourmaline Mineralogy, <sup>40</sup>Ar-<sup>39</sup>Ar Dating and Implications for the 509 Daobanxi Lithium Deposit in Xinjiang Province

GAO Yongbao; WU Huanhuan; LI Wenyuan; LI Kan; ZHANG Jiangwei; FRED Jourdan; WANG Zilong; LI Yong

doi:10.12401/j.nwg.2025026

Northwestern Geology > 2025 > Corrected proof > DOI: 10.12401/j.nwg.2025026

GAO Yongbao，WU Huanhuan，LI Wenyuan，et al. Tourmaline Mineralogy, ⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar Dating and Implications for the 509 Daobanxi Lithium Deposit in Xinjiang Province[J]. Northwestern Geology，2025，58（4）：1−16. doi: 10.12401/j.nwg.2025026

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Tourmaline Mineralogy, ⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar Dating and Implications for the 509 Daobanxi Lithium Deposit in Xinjiang Province

1.
Xi’an Center of Mineral Resources Survey, China Geological Survey, Xi’an 710100, Shaanxi, China
2.
Key Laboratory for the Study of Focused Magmatism and Giant Ore Deposits, MNR, Xi’an Center of China Geological Survey, Xi’an 710119, Shaanxi, China
3.
School of Earth Science and Resources, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi, China
4.
Western Australian Argon Isotope Facility, Curtin University, Perth WA6102, Australian
5.
Institute of Geological and Mineral Exploration, Xinjiang Non-ferrous Geological Exploration Bureau, Urumqi 830000, Xinjiang, China

More Information

Received Date: November 29, 2024
Revised Date: March 06, 2025
Accepted Date: March 06, 2025
Available Online: June 05, 2025

Graphical Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

The Dahongliutan ore district in West Kunlun, one of the most important super-large pegmatite-type lithium mineralization zones in China, has attracted significant attention for the mechanisms of rare metal enrichment. Previous studies have conducted detailed research on the Li-rich spodumene-bearing pegmatites in the area. However, the genesis of the widely exposed, Li-poor tourmaline-bearing pegmatites and their relationship with lithium-rich pegmatites remains debated. This study focuses on the petrology and tourmaline mineralogy of the Li-poor pegmatites in the super-large 509 Daobanxi lithium deposit and successfully obtains a new tourmaline ⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar isotope age. The results show that: ① the Li-poor garnet-tourmaline-bearing pegmatite, mainly composed of plagioclase, quartz, alkali feldspar, muscovite, tourmaline, and minor garnet; ② the composition of the tourmaline is relatively homogeneous and characterized by high FeO^T (11.19%–13.24%), low CaO (0.06%–0.29%), MgO (0.02%–0.10%), and Na₂O (0.69%–1.12%) contents, belonging to the schorl subgroup. Comparable to the tourmaline characteristics of two-mica granite and spodumene pegmatite in the area, the studied tourmaline is of typical magmatic tourmaline. The tourmaline composition is mainly controlled by the (^X□, Al) (Na, R²⁺)₋₁ substitution; ③ the ⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar plateau age of the tourmaline is (229.8±0.4) Ma (MSWD = 77.5), indicating that the Li-poor pegmatites, biotite granites, and Li-rich pegmatites are products of single magmatic-hydrothermal activity. Based on the characteristics of the pegmatite occurrence, it is proposed that the Li-poor pegmatites represent an early-stage melt poor in rare metals, while the Li-rich ones are more evolved magmatic-hydrothermal products enriched in rare metals. The crystallization of Li-poor minerals (garnet, tourmaline, feldspar, etc.) in the pegmatites near the intrusion facilitated further enrichment of rare metals in the residual melt/fluid, leading to the distribution of pegmatites with Li-poor zones near the intrusion and Li-rich zones further away.
- Dahongliutan area,
- 509 Daobanxi,
- tourmaline,
- mineral chemistry,
- ⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar dating

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Tourmaline Mineralogy, ⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar Dating and Implications for the 509 Daobanxi Lithium Deposit in Xinjiang Province