Contribution of Groundwater in Zhiluo Aquifer to Mine Water in Shennan Mining Area: Numerical Simulation
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摘要:
查明矿井涌水的来源及构成比例，对煤矿安全生产具有重要意义。基于神南矿区水文地质、典型煤矿矿井涌水量、煤矿开采裂采比等数据，建立了综合考虑延安组（J2y）、直罗组（J2z）、安定组（J2a）、新近系保德组（N2b）、第四系中更新统离石组（Qpl）、上更新统萨拉乌苏组（Qps）、马兰组（Qpm）、全新统冲积层（Qhal）和风积沙（Qheol）多个含（隔）水层的地下水流数值模拟模型，实现了第四系和直罗组含水层地下水流场的仿真模拟。结果显示，神南矿区煤矿开采直接影响直罗组含水层。柠条塔煤矿矿井涌水量为117743.52 m3/d（4905.98 m3/h），其中直罗组含水层贡献94.82%，2-2煤上覆延安组砂岩贡献2.79%。
Abstract:Illustration water sources and ratio from different aquifers has significant means to mining water management. In this paper, based on the hydrogeological data, mining water and ratio of the height of the fractured zone to the mining height of typical mine area in Shennan mining area, a numerical simulation model was set up. Totally, 7 layers including aquifer and aquiclude are contained in the model. And it predicted the groundwater flow field of Quaternary and Zhiluo aquifer groundwater in Jurassic system very well via the model calibration. Furthermore, simulation results shows that mining action affects Zhiluo aquifer groundwater directly. For example, Zhiluo aquifer groundwater contributes nearly 94.82 percentage when mining water quantity reaches 117743.52 m3/d in Ningtiaota mining area.
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Keywords:
- mine inflow /
- multi-aquifer /
- numerical simulation /
- Ningtiaota coal mine /
- Shennan Mining area
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图 3 观测孔水位计算值与实测值拟合图
Figure 3. Comparison between calculated and observed groundwater level in observation wells
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图 4 潜水流场（a） 与直罗组流场末时刻拟合图（b）
Figure 4. Observation and simulation groundwater flow field of (a) phreatic aquifer and (b) confined aquifer
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图 5 实测与计算矿井涌水量对比图
a. 柠条塔南翼煤矿2-2煤开采工作面；b. 柠条塔北翼煤矿2-2煤开采工作面；c. 红柳林煤矿4-2煤开采工作面；d. 张家峁煤矿2-2煤开采工作面
Figure 5. Observed and calculated mining water
表 1 包气带岩性、入渗系数及入渗补给强度表
Table 1 Lithologic character of unsaturated zone, recharge coefficient and recharge intensity
包气带岩性类型 入渗系数 降水入渗强度（mm/year） 风积沙 0.23 108.4 萨拉乌苏组沙 0.15 70.7 黄土 0.10 47.2 基岩 0.01 4.7 
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表 3 煤矿导水裂隙带高度实测值表
Table 3 Measured height of fracture at two mines
井田 工作面 主采煤层 钻孔号 采厚（m） 实测导高（m） 实测裂采比 张家峁 N15203 5−2煤 孔8 5.60 165.11 29.48 N15203 5−2煤 孔9 5.60 165.90 29.63 柠条塔 N1112 2−2煤 孔4 4.80 149.28 31.10 N1114 2−2煤 孔6 4.80 145.23 30.26
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表 4 规划工作面导高预测表
Table 4 Predicted height of fracture in planning working face
井田 平均采厚（m） 发育高度（m） 导高顶界埋深（m） 导高顶界到达层位 4−2煤 5−2煤 4−2煤 5−2煤 4−2煤 5−2煤 4−2煤 5−2煤 柠条塔 2.65 4.43 71.55 119.61 167.84 185.96 直罗组 直罗组 张家峁 3.51 6.10 94.77 164.7 91.65 87.90 第四系 第四系 红柳林 3.3 4.93 89.1 133.11 119.56 141.72 安定组 直罗组
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表 5 预测期水均衡表
Table 5 Water balance in the predicted period
项 目 均衡项 均衡量（m3/d） 占比 补给项 河流补给 3.06×104 4.48% 侧向补给 4.79×103 0.70% 降水入渗补给 6.47×105 94.82% 总补给量 6.82×105 100.00% 排泄项 河流排泄 3.09×104 34.92% 矿井涌水 2.1×103 2.37% 河沟排泄 2.82×104 31.86% 蒸散发排泄 2.73×104 30.85% 总排泄量 3.09×105 100.00% 均衡差 5.94×105
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表 6 柠条塔井田水均衡统计表
Table 6 Water balance of Ningtiaota coal Mine
流入项 侧向流入量 （m3/d） 8758.79 75.67% 下层流入量 （m3/d） 2815.78 24.33% 合计 （m3/d） 11574.57 流出项 侧向流出量 （m3/d） 120404.38 95.18% 流出下层量 （m3/d） 6097.92 4.82% 合计 （m3/d） 126502.30 均衡差 侧向流差值 （m3/d） −111645.60 94.82% 垂向流差值 （m3/d） −3282.14 2.79% 合计 （m3/d） −117743.52
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