Petrogenesis of Late Triassic Trachyte and Basic Dike Swarms in Northern Dabashan and Its Geological Significance
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摘要:
北大巴山紫阳−平利−竹溪一带较为广泛地分布有一期基性岩墙与碱性火山岩，这些火山−侵入岩系多被认为形成于早古生代。通过对基性岩和粗面岩的LA−ICP−MS锆石U−Pb同位素测年工作发现，其形成时代分别为（219.5±2.2）Ma和（223.9±2.8）Ma，属于晚三叠世岩浆作用的产物。其中，基性岩墙中的辉绿岩显示出贫Si、高Ti的特征，粗面岩显示高Ti、富碱的特征，两类岩石轻、重稀土元素分馏存有一定差异。辉绿岩的Pb−Sr−Nd同位素组成上显示出OIB物质源区组成且具有EMⅡ和上地壳富集物质成分的加入，碱性系列的粗面岩在原始地幔标准化图解上则显示出大隆起的微量元素分布样式，构造环境判别图解均显示出二者与板内岩浆活动具有成因关系。结合区域地质特征，认为北大巴山地区晚三叠世的粗面岩−辉绿岩组合形成于勉−略洋闭合之后持续的板内伸展活动，为南秦岭地区深部地幔岩浆物质演化的地质记录。
Abstract:An amount of basic dikes and alkaline igneous rock occurred in Ziyang−Pingli−Zhuxi regions of the North Daba Mountain, most of these rock series are believed to have been formed in Early Paleozoic magmatic activity, while the zircon U−Pb isotope dating of the basic dike swarms and trachyte in this study show them formed at (219.5 ± 2.2)Ma and (223.9 ± 2.8) Ma, respectively. The rock series can be regarded as a product of Late Triassic magmatism. The diabase from the basic dike swarms shows a characteristic of high Ti and low Si, trachyte shows a feature of high Ti and is rich in alkali, both of which have some differences for the fractionation of REE. The Pb−Sr−Nd isotopic composition of the diabase shows a source region of OIB, with some additions of enrichment material of EmⅡ and upper crust, the trachyte shows an obvious rise inthe Primitive Mantle normalized diagram. Thus, both of them are formed by the intra-plate magmatism. The Late Triassic trachyte−diabase assemblage in North Beidaba Mountain is considered to have been formed by the continuous intraplate extension after the closure of the Mian−Lue Ocean, also is a geological record of mantle derived magma in South Qinling.
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图 1 北大巴山地区地质图及采样位置图（据徐学义等，2014）
Figure 1. Geological map of north Daba mountain and sampling location
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图 2 平利地区辉绿岩（a）和粗面岩（b）显微照片（正交偏光）
Kfs. 钾长石；Cpx. 单斜辉石；Hbl. 角闪石；Chl. 绿泥石；Ep. 绿帘石
Figure 2. Micrographs of (a) diabase and (b) trachyte in Pingli (cross–polar light)
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图 3 平利地区粗面岩（a）和辉绿岩（b）锆石CL图像
Figure 3. CL images of zircon for (a) trachyte and (b) diabase in Pingli
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图 4 锆石U–Pb谐和图及加权平均年龄图
a、b. 粗面岩；c、d. 辉绿岩
Figure 4. Zircon U–Pb concordance diagram and weighted average age diagram
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图 5 平利地区粗面岩和辉绿岩岩石类型判别图
a. Nb/Y–Zr/TiO2图（Winchester，1977）；b. SiO2–（K2O+Na2O）图（Miyashiro, 1974）
Figure 5. Rock types of trachyte and diabase in Pingli
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图 6 稀土元素球粒陨石标准化图（a）和微量元素原始地幔标准化图（b）
标准化数据自Taylor 等（1985）和Sun等（1989）
Figure 6. (a) Chondrite–normalized REE distribution patternss and (b) primitive mantle–normalized trace elements spider diagram
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图 8 平利地区辉绿岩和粗面岩构造环境判别图 （据Pearce, 1983）
Figure 8. Discriminant diagram of tectonic settingfor diabase and trachyte in Pingli
表 1 平利地区粗面岩和辉绿岩锆石U–Pb同位素物质成分组成表
Table 1 Zircon LA–ICP–MS U–Pb analytical data for the trachyteand diabase in Pingli
样品 比值 年龄（Ma） 组成 （10–6） U/Th 207Pb/206Pb ±% 207Pb/235U ±% 206Pb/238U ±% 208Pb/232Th ±% 207Pb/206Pb ±1σ 207Pb/235U ±1σ 206Pb/238U ±1σ 208Pb/232Th ±1σ 204Pb 206Pb 207Pb 208Pb 232Th 238U 粗面岩（08-66Tw），n=16 1 0.05069 0.00127 0.2498 0.00639 0.03572 0.00049 0.0078 0.00018 227 34 226 5 226 3 157 4 3.43 236 13.67 4.67 224.69 1733 7.71 2 0.05142 0.00146 0.24692 0.00707 0.03487 0.00049 0.00587 0.00017 260 40 224 6 221 3 118 3 3.57 162 15.22 4.86 276.33 1187 4.30 3 0.05133 0.00144 0.26141 0.00736 0.03709 0.00052 0.01004 0.00021 256 39 236 6 235 3 202 4 7.36 183 12.02 11.8 460.73 1355 2.94 4 0.054 0.00139 0.26166 0.00679 0.03534 0.00049 0.00902 0.00021 371 34 236 5 224 3 181 4 3.51 197 13.79 6.02 275.53 1461 5.30 5 0.04893 0.0013 0.24222 0.00646 0.03615 0.00051 0.00914 0.00021 144 37 220 5 229 3 184 4 <2.14 170 10.16 4.97 213.81 1233 5.77 6 0.05407 0.0014 0.2638 0.00685 0.03568 0.0005 0.01103 0.00026 374 34 238 6 226 3 222 5 6.62 148 9.85 4.76 174.16 1105 6.35 7 0.05088 0.00155 0.2379 0.00719 0.03424 0.0005 0.0096 0.00025 235 43 217 6 217 3 193 5 83.8 230 92.18 92.7 231.69 1004 4.33 8 0.04839 0.0013 0.23992 0.00642 0.03643 0.00052 0.01135 0.00027 118 37 218 5 231 3 228 5 6.17 218 12.84 7.07 263.14 1498 5.69 9 0.04809 0.0014 0.23401 0.00675 0.0358 0.00052 0.01065 0.00029 104 41 214 6 227 3 214 6 4.17 208 12 5.32 219.69 1522 6.93 10 0.04823 0.0013 0.23091 0.00617 0.03526 0.0005 0.00887 0.00024 111 37 211 5 223 3 178 5 3.99 263 16.49 7.03 312.25 1931 6.18 11 0.04903 0.00132 0.22949 0.00608 0.03454 0.0005 0.0049 0.00016 149 36 210 5 219 3 99 3 4.31 136 8.88 5.13 443.46 1022 2.31 12 0.0518 0.00135 0.24233 0.0062 0.03463 0.0005 0.01181 0.00031 277 33 220 5 219 3 237 6 3.46 225 17.79 9.56 307.68 1715 5.58 13 0.0563 0.00151 0.25047 0.00656 0.03296 0.00048 0.01075 0.00029 464 33 227 5 209 3 216 6 3.76 208 16.98 10.2 420.19 1666 3.96 14 0.05115 0.00282 0.25254 0.01336 0.03581 0.00056 0.01127 0.00017 248 128 229 11 227 3 227 3 7.67 103 11.69 9.1 186.45 731 3.92 15 0.05029 0.00155 0.22322 0.00662 0.03313 0.00051 0.0172 0.00059 208 41 205 5 210 3 345 12 15.2 248 13.11 11.3 326.16 1838 5.64 16 0.05581 0.00175 0.27652 0.00829 0.03707 0.00059 0.00154 0.00042 445 39 248 7 235 4 31 8 21.2 178 26.25 16.2 251.77 1187 4.72 辉长岩（08-72Tw），n=16 1 0.05495 0.00228 0.26736 0.01103 0.03528 0.00053 0.01234 0.00031 410 65 241 9 224 3 248 6 6.64 47.1 3 6.78 320.28 350.4 1.09 2 0.0552 0.00151 0.50307 0.01391 0.06608 0.00091 0.02002 0.00051 420 37 414 9 412 6 401 10 6.13 248 15.04 5.86 159.88 956.5 5.98 3 0.05105 0.00155 0.24955 0.00761 0.03545 0.0005 0.00586 0.0002 243 44 226 6 225 3 118 4 3.64 78.6 4.45 3.23 296.43 596.9 2.01 4 0.05202 0.00187 0.25059 0.00901 0.03493 0.00051 0.012 0.0003 286 55 227 7 221 3 241 6 2.32 43.7 2.504 3.46 164.02 337.9 2.06 5 0.05141 0.00158 0.24466 0.00755 0.03451 0.00049 0.01116 0.00026 259 45 222 6 219 3 224 5 3.09 67.1 3.87 4.91 246.6 520.5 2.11 6 0.05434 0.00164 0.25908 0.00787 0.03457 0.00049 0.01098 0.00024 385 43 234 6 219 3 221 5 5.58 116 6.82 21.4 1070.3 879.8 0.82 7 0.04862 0.0015 0.22684 0.00705 0.03383 0.00048 0.01075 0.00026 130 47 208 6 214 3 216 5 3.03 97.8 5.74 10.1 531.6 794.8 1.50 8 0.04987 0.00282 0.23887 0.013 0.03474 0.00052 0.01097 0.00013 189 130 217 11 220 3 221 3 3.97 96.6 6.39 8.71 417.06 754.4 1.81 9 0.05161 0.00184 0.24186 0.00863 0.03399 0.00051 0.01177 0.00032 268 54 220 7 215 3 237 6 4.61 64.1 3.93 7.89 353.71 496.9 1.40 10 0.0513 0.00216 0.24242 0.01017 0.03428 0.00055 0.01149 0.00036 254 67 220 8 217 3 231 7 4.78 54.9 3.27 5.75 276.96 432.4 1.56 11 0.04861 0.0045 0.23374 0.02132 0.03487 0.00056 0.01105 0.00028 129 210 213 18 221 3 222 6 8.54 131 15.58 22.8 673.9 959.7 1.42 12 0.04971 0.00189 0.24441 0.00929 0.03566 0.00055 0.0097 0.00031 181 60 222 8 226 3 195 6 <1.81 66.8 3.75 6.52 372.82 506.5 1.36 13 0.05514 0.00256 0.25882 0.01194 0.03405 0.00057 0.01103 0.00036 418 73 234 10 216 4 222 7 2.94 38.4 2.9 4.25 189.61 256.8 1.35 14 0.05466 0.00204 0.26282 0.00984 0.03488 0.00055 0.01119 0.00037 398 56 237 8 221 3 225 7 4.21 122 8.67 6.81 296.95 912.4 3.07 15 0.05236 0.00212 0.25041 0.01012 0.03469 0.00056 0.01165 0.00039 301 63 227 8 220 3 234 8 2.81 52.9 3.29 5.29 244.19 412.8 1.69 16 0.05128 0.00231 0.23695 0.01061 0.03352 0.00056 0.01129 0.00041 253 72 216 9 213 3 227 8 3.14 34.8 2.083 3.2 147.24 261.9 1.78 
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表 2 平利地区粗面岩和辉绿岩主量元素（%）和微量元素（10−6）地球化学数据表
Table 2 Major elements (%) and trace elements (10−6） compositions for the trachyte and diabase in Pingli
样品 粗面岩 辉绿岩 08-65h 08-67h 08-68-1h 08-68-2h 08-69h 08-70h 08-71h 08-72h 08-75h SiO2 61.16 63.94 66.18 66.78 50.44 50.47 49.19 49.93 48.4 Al2O3 18.23 16.92 15.79 15.54 13.33 12.67 13.56 13.68 12.53 Fe2O3 1.01 0.95 2.30 1.55 3.35 3.37 3.31 2.61 2.96 FeO 2.56 3.26 1.46 2.06 9.75 9.91 10.08 9.62 10.56 CaO 1.47 0.425 0.48 0.56 8.17 9.65 8.75 7.64 9 MgO 1.61 0.925 0.64 0.61 5.94 5.46 6.22 6.96 6.66 K2O 4.35 6.02 4.19 4.24 0.48 0.46 0.74 0.77 0.72 Na2O 6.66 5.45 6.83 6.31 2.79 2.06 2.64 3.08 2.08 TiO2 1.09 0.9 0.84 0.81 2.01 2.13 2.03 1.69 2.78 P2O5 0.2 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.22 0.23 0.22 0.17 0.32 MnO 0.2 0.25 0.25 0.26 0.2 0.2 0.21 0.19 0.19 LOLI 0.89 0.49 0.3 0.55 2.31 1.91 2.2 2.55 2.53 Total 99.43 99.615 99.35 99.35 3.4 3.01 3.32 3.62 3.71 TFeO 3.46 4.10 3.51 3.44 12.73 12.91 13.03 11.94 13.19 MgO# 41.91 25.90 22.05 21.56 46.03 43.55 46.35 50.32 46.89 Ritman 6.68 6.28 5.24 4.68 1.44 0.85 1.85 2.14 1.45 La 164 223 213 222 13.1 13.7 12.9 10.3 16.8 Ce 302 415 393 412 29.2 30.3 28.7 22.9 38.3 Pr 32.7 44.4 42.1 44.0 4.07 4.24 3.96 3.15 5.42 Nd 116 153 144 149 18.8 19.6 18.6 14.8 26.1 Sm 19.8 26.9 24.7 25.4 5.33 5.60 5.32 4.23 7.02 Eu 4.57 4.56 4.19 4.22 1.49 1.54 1.47 1.25 1.95 Gd 13.6 19.5 18.2 18.7 5.49 5.78 5.42 4.50 7.08 Tb 2.21 3.38 3.12 3.17 0.98 1.04 0.97 0.78 1.22 Dy 11.70 18.6 17.2 18.3 6.38 6.60 6.15 5.07 7.15 Ho 2.13 3.52 3.27 3.34 1.25 1.32 1.26 1.01 1.34 Er 5.52 9.27 8.45 8.96 3.02 3.29 3.17 2.50 3.23 Tm 0.80 1.41 1.28 1.36 0.47 0.49 0.46 0.37 0.47 Yb 5.00 8.98 8.51 9.05 3.06 3.23 3.00 2.47 2.92 Lu 0.71 1.26 1.18 1.27 0.45 0.45 0.44 0.35 0.42 Y 58.1 97.1 96.9 96.5 33.9 35.5 32.9 27.3 34.8 Li 15.2 41.4 45.3 69.6 17.4 13.9 19.7 19.5 25.1 Sc 2.03 6.39 5.76 5.94 38.9 38.2 37.8 36.4 33.0 V 70.8 34.8 31.3 31.7 334 336 324 293 286 Cr 2.07 2.55 1.94 2.27 50.3 35.1 54.1 89.9 194 Co 18.0 22.8 47.4 49.3 51.0 53.5 52.9 52.2 57.1 Ni 0.28 0.63 0.28 0.28 48.7 36.6 49.2 68.6 105
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续表2 样品 粗面岩 辉绿岩 08-65h 08-67h 08-68-1h 08-68-2h 08-69h 08-70h 08-71h 08-72h 08-75h Cu 5.34 4.79 4.72 4.58 126 121 124 118 159 Zn 172 238 221 164 119 114 117 104 146 Ga 34.0 45.0 42.6 41.9 17.4 18.8 19.1 16.7 20.1 Rb 125 145 138 135 3.27 3.61 8.21 7.92 19.20 Sr 408 181 46.5 66.7 268 308 402 221 302 Zr 811 1573 1473 1593 146 153 143 114 200 Nb 229 340 323 336 10.8 11.2 10.7 8.44 19.9 Cs 0.61 1.28 0.07 0.26 0.21 0.21 0.36 0.14 0.25 Ba 564 496 42.7 80.8 278 198 258 276 232 Hf 17.0 35.7 32.7 35.3 3.90 4.18 3.92 3.22 5.23 Ta 13.7 22.0 19.0 19.6 0.75 0.71 0.73 0.53 1.28 Pb 10.5 17.9 18.9 20.3 4.61 2.76 2.62 2.43 6.35 Th 19.8 33.2 30.7 33.4 1.58 1.64 1.58 1.23 1.70 U 5.40 8.98 8.05 8.55 0.43 0.42 0.41 0.32 0.48 REE 680.74 932.78 882.20 920.77 93.09 97.18 91.82 73.68 119.42 LREE/HREE 15.49 13.34 13.61 13.56 3.41 3.38 3.40 3.32 4.00 （La/Sm）N 5.35 5.36 5.57 5.65 1.59 1.58 1.57 1.57 1.55 （La/Yb）N 23.54 17.82 17.96 17.60 3.07 3.04 3.09 2.99 4.13 （Gd/Yb）N 2.25 1.80 1.77 1.71 1.48 1.48 1.49 1.51 2.01 δEu 0.85 0.61 0.61 0.59 0.84 0.83 0.84 0.88 0.85
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表 3 平利辉绿岩Sr–Nd 同位素组成
Table 3 Sr–Nd composition for diabase in Pingli
样品 87Rb/86Sr 87Sr/86Sr ±2σ Isr 147Sm/144Nd 143Nd/144Nd ±2σ εNd（t） TDM（Ga） 08-70h 0.034 0.705259 11 0.70515 0.173 0.512605 4 0.03 2.02 08-71h 0.059 0.706500 6 0.70632 0.174 0.512601 3 −0.09 2.10 08-72h 0.104 0.70621 6 0.70589 0.174 0.512617 3 0.23 2.04 08-75h 0.184 0.705524 4 0.70495 0.164 0.512694 3 2.02 1.39
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表 4 平利辉绿岩Pb 同位素组成
Table 4 Pb composition for diabase in Pingli
样品 206Pb/204Pb ±2σ 207Pb/204Pb ±2σ 208Pb/204Pb ±2σ 238U/204Pb 232Th/204Pb （206Pb/204Pb）t （207Pb/204Pb）t （208Pb/204Pb）t 08-70h 18.035 16 15.501 14 38.455 49 0.15 42.44 18.030 15.482 37.991 08-71h 18.015 17 15.508 15 38.396 44 0.16 43.08 18.009 15.488 37.926 08-72h 18.145 17 15.524 13 38.560 38 0.13 36.16 18.140 15.508 38.165 08-75h 17.891 24 15.527 21 38.052 49 0.08 19.12 17.889 15.517 37.843
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