Abstract: Coarse sediment in the middle reaches of the Yellow River is the most important component of the formation of suspended rivers in the lower reaches of the Yellow River. Preventing coarse sediment from entering the Yellow River from the source is a fundamental measure to ensure the long-term stability of the Yellow River. Using methods such as gradient analysis from large scale to small scale, ecological problem identification, diagnosis, and comprehensive evaluation, this paper identifies seven primary tributaries of the Yellow River in the north of Yulin City, Shaanxi Province as the main source areas of coarse sediment. Based on identifying the ecological problems in the main source areas of coarse sediment and their correlation, urgency, and priority, it proposes systematic countermeasures for ecological protection and restoration of the coarse sediment areas in the middle reaches of the Yellow River in Yulin. That is, around two core objectives and three key issues, the research area is divided into 10 protection and restoration units, and it is recommended to arrange 7 types of projects and 29 subprojects, so as to build an ecological security pattern of "one corridor, two belts, and three areas with multiple points" in which people and nature coexist harmoniously, ultimately improving the stability and resilience of the ecosystem in the source area of coarse sediment concentration, achieving the goal of controlling the inflow of coarse sediment into the Yellow River from the source, and alleviating the impact of sand barriers The target of sediment deposition pressure in reservoirs and "suspended rivers"; At the same time, this study has extremely important significance for ensuring ecological security and energy resource security in northern China.