Impact and Contribution of Atmospheric Pollutant Deposition from a Typical Power Plant on Surrounding Water Sources
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摘要:
为揭示燃煤电厂大气污染物排放对周边水环境的影响，以典型燃煤电厂为研究对象，分析了2008～2020年电厂大气污染物（烟尘、SO2、NOx、NH3和颗粒物重金属）及电厂周边典型水库的水质，并估算了电厂大气污染物排放与水库水质的相关性及其对水库水体中硫化物、氮氧化物和重金属的贡献。结果显示，2008～2020年电厂烟尘、SO2、NOx和重金属（Hg、Cu、Zn、As、Cd、Cr和Pb）的排放量整体呈下降趋势，2015～2020年NH3的排放量呈波动状态；2008～2020年黄壁庄水库入口和中心处的水质均达到《地表水环境质量标准》（GB 3838-2002）II类水质标准以上，水库入口和中心处水体中的重金属含量与电厂烟尘重金属排放量呈显著相关。CALPUFF模型结果显示，该燃煤电厂排放的SO2、SO42−、NOx、HNO3、NH3、Hg、As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb、Zn沉降到黄壁庄水库水面进入水中转化生成的水污染物SO42−、HNO3、NH3-N、Hg、As、Cd、Cr6+、Cu、Pb和Zn贡献浓度分别为3.35×10−3 mg/L、5.86×10−3 mg/L、5.88×10−4 mg/L、3.73×10−7 mg/L、1.32×10−5 mg/L、7.46×10−10 mg/L、7.56×10−7 mg/L、2.16×10−7 mg/L、9.48×10−8 mg/L和8.66×10−6 mg/L，各项污染物的占标率的大小排序为Hg＞NH3-N＞HNO3＞As＞Cr6+＞SO42−＞Pb＞Zn＞Cu＞Cd。
Abstract:To reveal the impact of atmospheric pollutant emissions from coal-fired power plants on the surrounding water environment, a typical coal-fired power plant was used as a research object to analyze the atmospheric pollutants (soot, SO2, NOx, NH3 and heavy metals in particulate matter) of the power plant and the water quality of typical reservoirs around the power plant from 2008 to 2020. The correlation between atmospheric pollutant emissions from power plants and reservoir water quality and their contributions to sulfide, nitrogen oxide, and heavy metals in reservoir waterbodies were estimated. The results showed that the emissions of soot, SO2, NOx and heavy metals (Hg, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Cr and Pb) from the power plant showed an overall decreasing trend from 2008 to 2020, while the emissions of NH3 fluctuated from 2015 to 2020. From 2008 to 2020, the water quality at the entrance and centre of the reservoir all met the Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water (GB3838-2002). The heavy metal contents in the water at the entrance and centre of the reservoir were significantly correlated with the heavy metal emissions from the power plant. The results of CALPUFF model showed that water pollutants SO42−, HNO3, NH3-N, Hg, As, Cd, Cr6+, Cu, Pb, and Zn, which were transformed by SO2, SO42−, NOx, HNO3, NH3, Hg, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn deposited into the water surface of the reservoir from the power plant, contributed to the concentration of 3.35×10−3 mg/L, 5.86×10−3 mg/L, 5.88×10−4 mg/L, 3.73×10−7 mg/L, 1.32×10−5 mg/L, 7.46×10−10 mg/L, 7.56×10−7 mg/L, 2.16×10−7 mg/L, 9.48×10−8 mg/L, 8.66×10−6 mg/L, respectively. The order of proportion of various pollutants to standard was Hg＞NH3-N＞HNO3＞As＞Cr6+＞SO42−＞Pb＞Zn＞Cu＞Cd.
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图 2 2008～2020年燃煤电厂大气污染物（烟尘、SO2、NOx、NH3、Hg、Cu、Zn、As、Cd、Pb、Cr）排放量统计图
Figure 2. Emissions of soot, SO2, NOx, NH3, Hg, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb and Cr from power plants from 2008 to 2020
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图 3 2008～2020年燃煤电厂大气污染物排放量变化图
Figure 3. Change in emissions of atmospheric pollutants from power plants from 2008 to 2020
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图 4 2008～2020年黄壁庄水库入口和中心处的水质统计图
Figure 4. Water quality at the entrance and centre of the reservoir from 2008 to 2020
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图 5 燃煤电厂大气污染物和库区水质的相关性分析图
a.水库入口水体与电厂大气污染物相关性；b.水库中心水体与电厂大气污染物相关性
Figure 5. Correlation analysis of atmospheric pollutants of power plants and water quality in reservoirs
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