Abstract: Hongliugou gold deposit in Hejing County, Xinjiang Province is located in the contact and collision place between the Kazakhstan plate and the tectonic active belt on the northern margin of Tarim plate. It belongs to Halik–Saarmin Late Paleozoic trench–arc zone in the eastern part of the western Tianshan orogenic belt. It is located in the Sahentuohai–Dashankou brittle ductile shear deformation belt. The shallow metamorphic fine clastic rock series from Upper Silurian to Lower Devonian Dashankou Formation is an important gold–bearing formation in the area. The ore body is mainly produced near the contact point between diorite and sandy slates. The gold mineralization in this area is controlled by the east–west (100°～110°) trending ductile shear zone, which is filled with quartz veins and mesh veins and has strong alteration such as silicification, carbonation, pyritization and sericite. The ore–bearing hydrothermal fluid is filled and metasomatized through the dense fissure in the ductile shear zone to form a gold deposit, which is preliminarily considered as an altered rock type gold deposit. The stratigraphic mark, the tectonic mark of strong ductile deformation zone, the magmatic mark of strong mylonitic diorite, the alteration characteristics of surrounding rock such as pyrite and silicification, and the five prospecting marks of geochemical anomaly are summarized.