基于水化学和D、<sup>18</sup>O同位素的豫西某矿山地下水水源识别

赵少攀; 杨森; 张东兴; 常成; 闫佳喆; 刘念; 麻倩倩; 张茜

doi:10.12401/j.nwg.2024014

基于水化学和D、¹⁸O同位素的豫西某矿山地下水水源识别

赵少攀^{1, 2, 3,},
杨森^{1, 2, ,},
张东兴^{1, 2},
常成^{1, 2},
闫佳喆^{1, 2},
刘念^{1, 2},
麻倩倩^{1, 2},
张茜^{1, 2}

1.
河南省第一地质大队有限公司，河南郑州　450000
2.
河南省自然资源科技创新中心（地质遗迹与地质文化研究），河南郑州　450000
3.
河南省有色金属综合勘查工程技术研究中心，河南郑州　450000

基金项目: 河南省2022年度自然资源科研项目（2022-10），河南发恩德矿业有限公司科研项目（FED-HQ23155）联合资助。

详细信息

作者简介:
赵少攀（1988−），男，硕士，工程师，从事矿产地质、水文地质研究工作。E−mail：zsp621@foxmail.com

通讯作者:
杨森（1985−），男，高级工程师，从事水工环相关研究工作。E−mail：304918005@qq.com。

中图分类号: P641
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-03-06
- 修回日期: 2023-10-12
- 录用日期: 2023-12-14
- 网络出版日期: 2024-02-01
- 刊出日期: 2025-04-19

Groundwater Source Identification Based on Hydrochemistry and D, ¹⁸O Isotopes in a Mine in Western Henan Province

ZHAO Shaopan^{1, 2, 3,},
YANG Sen^{1, 2, ,},
ZHANG Dongxing^{1, 2},
CHANG Cheng^{1, 2},
YAN Jiazhe^{1, 2},
LIU Nian^{1, 2},
MA Qianqian^{1, 2},
ZHANG Xi^{1, 2}

1.
Henan First Geological Brigade Co., Ltd, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, China
2.
Henan Natural Resources Science and Technology Innovation Center (Research on Geological Heritage and Geological Culture), Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, China
3.
Henan Nonferrous Metals Comprehensive Exploration Engineering Technology Research Center，Zhengzhou 450000，Henan，China

摘要

摘要:
笔者通过对研究区进行水文调查，发现坑道内地下水均为构造裂隙水，并分别在丰水期和枯水期对地表水和坑道水进行了针对性的采样分析。水化学特征显示，地表水中阴阳离子随丰水期和枯水期而发生变化显著，而地下水阴阳离子含量变化小，水化学性质较为稳定。通过对2021年420中段丰水期涌水量和同位素与水库水对比分析，推测在特殊水文年水库水参与该中段地下水活动。而其余地段地表水与地下水的水化学特征和D、¹⁸O同位素含量均有较大区别，说明地表水参与地下水活动不显著。综上所述，研究区地下水具有较为独立的含水系统，主要接受岩层内构造裂隙水补给，平时基岩裂隙水和溪沟水补给水库水，当遇到大暴雨，水库水位上升至大于地下水位时，才会反补地下水，推测在水库水位大于535 m时，地表水参与个别中段地下水活动，但涌水总量不大，整体可控。
- 地表水 /
- 地下水 /
- 构造裂隙水 /
- 水化学 /
- D、¹⁸O同位素
Abstract:
Through the hydrology survey of the study area, the groundwater in the tunnel is found to be structural fissure water, the surface water and tunnel water are sampled and analyzed in the wet season and dry season respectively. The hydrochemical characteristics show that the anions and cations in surface water change significantly with the high and low water periods. However, the changes in the content of anions and cations in groundwater are small, and the chemical properties of the water are relatively stable. By comparing and analyzing the water inflow and isotopes of 420 section and reservoir in wet season of 2021, it is speculated that the reservoir water participates in groundwater activities in this section during special hydrological years. However, there are significant differences in the hydrochemical and D, ¹⁸O isotope characteristics between surface water and groundwater in other areas, indicating that the participation of surface water in groundwater activities is not significant. In summary, the groundwater in the study area has a relatively independent aquifer system, mainly supplied by structural fissure water within the rock layers. At ordinary times, bedrock fissure water and brook water supply the reservoir water. When encountering a heavy rainstorm, the reservoir water level will rise above the groundwater level, and then the groundwater will be replenished. It is speculated that when the water level of the reservoir is greater than 535 m, surface water participates in individual groundwater activities in the individual section, but the total amount of water inflow is not large and overall controllable
- surface water /
- groundwater /
- structural fissure water /
- hydrochemistry /
- D, ¹⁸O isotope

HTML全文

图 1 研究区水文地质图

1.松散岩类孔隙水（第四系砾石、砂卵石等）；2.层状孔隙水（古近系砾岩、砂质泥岩等）；3.层状岩类裂隙水（熊耳群许山组火山岩）；4.块状岩类裂隙水（太华群石板沟组片麻岩）；5.块状岩类裂隙水（太华群草沟组片麻岩）；6.块状岩类裂隙水（花岗斑岩）；7.块状岩类裂隙水（变辉长岩）；8.块状岩类裂隙水（石英脉）；9.块状岩类裂隙水（爆破角砾岩）；10.矿脉；11.断层；12.拆离断层；13.地层界线；14.水库边界；15.溪沟；16.地表水流向；17.采样位置及编号；18.剖面线

Figure 1. Hydrogeological map of the study area

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 研究区水文地质剖面图

1.第四系碎屑沉积物；2.古近系砂砾岩；3.太华群石板沟组片麻岩；4.太华群草沟组片麻岩；5.矿脉；6.断层；7.潜水面；8.采样位置及编号

Figure 2. Hydrogeological profile map of the study area

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图 3 研究区水样Piper图解

a. 丰水期；b. 枯水期

Figure 3. Piper diagram of water samples in the study area

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图 4 研究区水样δD和δ¹⁸O关系图

Figure 4. Water samples in the study area δD and δ¹⁸O diagram

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图 5 研究区2021年10月竖井涌水量和水库水位关系曲线图

Figure 5. Relation curve between shaft water inflow and reservoir water level in October 2021

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表 1 研究区水化学和D、¹⁸O同位素测定表

Table 1 Water chemistry and D, ¹⁸O isotope measurements in the study area

样号	日期	采样地点	分析项目（mg/L）										PH	舒卡列夫分类	稳定同位素		类型
样号	日期	采样地点	Na⁺+K⁺	Ca²⁺	Mg²⁺	Cl⁻	SO₄²⁻	HCO₃⁻	TDS	总硬度	永久硬度	总碱度	PH	舒卡列夫分类	δD（‰）	δ¹⁸O（‰）	类型
SY-01	202110	420 m中段天井	133.40	88.38	28.31	49.28	370.31	209.91	774.6	337.0	165.0	172.0	8.10	HCO₃·SO₄-Na·Ca-A	−68	−9.6	地下水
SY-02	202110	420 m中段CM防水门	238.28	83.37	14.82	59.20	435.15	305.71	983.7	269.0	18.5	250.5	7.60	HCO₃·SO₄-Na·Ca-A	−	−	地下水
SY-03	202110	420 m中段采空区	129.26	93.19	26.73	46.09	376.07	203.81	773.2	342.5	175.5	167.0	8.20	HCO₃·SO₄-Na·Ca-A	−	−	地下水
SY-04	202110	近研究区侧水库岸边	11.27	53.91	11.91	9.93	64.84	154.38	229.1	183.5	57.0	126.5	8.00	HCO₃·SO₄-Ca-A	−68	−9.9	地表水
SY-06	202111	矿区周边水井（深2.5 m）	13.81	111.02	16.40	22.33	60.52	274.59	455.5	344.5	119.5	225.0	7.60	HCO₃-Ca-A	−	−	浅层地下水
SY-07	202111	450 m中段采场	48.53	88.38	50.54	18.08	293.94	247.13	623.0	428.5	226.0	202.5	8.25	HCO₃·SO₄-Ca·Mg-A	−61	−8.8	地下水
SY-08	202111	160 m中段延脉掘进面	216.20	19.64	2.92	41.12	223.34	293.51	650.0	61.0	0	240.5	8.00	HCO₃·SO₄-Na-A	−72	−10.0	地下水
SY-09	202111	10 m中段	290.26	29.46	5.95	98.55	363.59	258.11	916.9	98.0	0	211.5	8.10	HCO₃·SO₄-Na-A	−79	−10.7	地下水
SY-10	202111	水库中央	−	−	−	−	−	−	−	−	−	−	−	−	−68	−9.8	地表水
SY-11	202111	水库中央	8.65	58.72	16.28	6.74	82.13	165.97	616.8	477.5	244.0	233.5	7.90	HCO₃·SO₄-Ca·Mg-A	−68	−9.8	地表水
SY-12	202111	水库中央	−	−	−	−	−	−	−	−	−	−	−	−	−67	−9.8	地表水
SY-13	202111	地表沟谷溪流	1.84	68.54	8.87	6.74	58.60	172.08	230.6	207.5	66.5	141.0	8.00	HCO₃·SO₄-Ca-A	−63	−9.3	地表水
SY-14	202112	矿区周边水井（深5 m）	9.47	49.10	8.99	6.74	35.54	137.91	208.7	159.5	46.5	113.0	7.30	HCO₃-Ca-A	−	−	浅层地下水
SY-15	202204	380 m中段钻孔	293.02	36.87	2.92	73.03	365.51	314.25	928.5	104.0	0	257.5	7.70	HCO₃·SO₄-Na-A	−74	−10.2	地下水
SY-25	202204	380 m中段泄水孔（水来自420 m中段防水门）	212.52	85.77	22.36	62.04	430.35	283.74	954.9	306.0	73.5	232.5	8.10	HCO₃·SO₄-Na·Ca-A	−70	−9.7	地下水
SY-26	202204	近研究区侧水库岸边	64.86	66.13	22.36	28.71	168.10	222.72	461.5	257.0	74.5	182.5	7.90	HCO₃·SO₄-Na·Ca-A	−65	−9.1	地表水

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