Abstract: Under the current background of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, carbon dioxide geological storage is considered to be the most direct and effective way to reduce carbon emissions and mitigate the greenhouse effect. This paper focuses on the carbon dioxide emission reduction demand of Jiangxi Province, and takes 9 key Mesozoic and Cenozoic sedimentary basin developed in Jiangxi Province as the research object. Adopting the approach proposed by the Carbon Storage Leadership Forum (CSLF), it is calculated that the effective storage of carbon dioxide in the Mesozoic Cenozoic sedimentary basin in Jiangxi Province is18226.3×10⁶ t; the effective storage capacity of the bound gas storage mechanism is 16869×10⁶ t; the effective storage capacity of dissolved gas storage mechanism is 1357.3×10⁶ t. It has established a comprehensive evaluation index system for the suitability of carbon dioxide geological storage potential, with geological safety, storage scale, and socio-economic benefits as the core, covering 19 evaluation indicators, And introduce the coefficient of variation method-comprehensive evaluation model to objectively evaluate the geological storage potential and suitability of CO₂ in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic in Jiangxi Province. The evaluation results show that the priority order of CO₂ geological storage suitability in Jiangxi Province is as follows: Poyang basin, Qingjiang basin, Xinjiang basin, Fuzhou basin, Ganzhou basin, Jinjiang basin, Jitai basin, Banshi basin, and Huichang basin. Among them, the storage potential of Poyang basin and Qingjiang basin has reached suitable and relatively suitable levels, respectively.