LA-ICP-MS In-situ Trace Element Characteristic of Pyrite from Yangzaiyu-Fancha Ore Block in Xiaoqinling Gold Field and Its Indication
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摘要:
小秦岭金矿田位于华北克拉通南缘，目前探明金储量611 t。前人对该区金矿床做了大量科研工作，但区内金矿的成矿地质背景与成矿物质来源仍存在较大的争议。笔者以小秦岭金矿田南中矿带杨砦峪、樊岔金矿床S60矿脉中黄铁矿为研究对象，通过细致的野外观察与镜下鉴定，将黄铁矿从早到晚分为3个世代，并对不同世代的黄铁矿进行LA-ICP-MS微量元素分析，取得认识如下：不同世代黄铁矿中Au、Ag、Te、As、Co、Ni等微量元素的含量及其分布特征具有较显著的差异性，各个世代黄铁矿中As的含量均很低，暗示该区金矿床的形成与As无关；第2世代黄铁矿中Au与Te尤为富集且两者存在显著和稳定的线性正相关关系，指示该世代为金矿床形成重要阶段，并且Te元素在成矿过程中对Au的搬运、富集、沉淀等过程具有重要作用；S60矿脉中普遍发育Te-Au-Ag矿物，并且黄铁矿中呈现低As、高Te特征，暗示小秦岭金矿床的成矿流体、成矿物质可能来自深部岩浆的脱挥发分或地幔脱气作用，小秦岭地区成矿地质背景与早白垩世华北克拉通破坏有关。
Abstract:Located in the southern margin of the North China Craton, the Xiaoqinling gold field has a proven gold reserve of over 611t. Although most gold deposits have been extensively studied, issues related to the metallogenic geological background and the source of the ore materials remain debated. This paper conduct further studies on the Yangzhaiyu-Fancha S60 vein of sothern-medium ore belt from Xiaoqinling gold field. Three generations of (PyⅠ, PyⅡ, PyⅢ) were identified according to detailed field investigation and microscopic identification. We presents a study of the distribution characteristics of trace elements in gold-bearing pyrite from different generation, The results show that the contents and trace element distribution characteristics of Au, Ag, Te, As, Co, Ni from different generation assum significant difference, the content of pyrite from different generation is lightly lower, and plays an insignificant role in gold mineralization; There is prominently positive correlation relationship between Au and Te in the second generation and the contents of Au, Te are relatively higher, it shows that the second generation is important for gold mineralization and the Te play an important role in transfer enrichment and precipitation of gold. An intimate Te-Au-Ag association has been widely noticed in widespread gold mineralization in Xiaoqinling gold district, and low-As, high-Te in pyrite, suggesting that the ore-forming materials and ore-forming fluids of the gold deposits may have come from the deep magma devolatilization or mantle degassing, the geogical background of the gold deposit mainly due to the destruction of the North China Craton.
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Keywords:
- pyrite /
- LA-ICP-MS /
- trace element /
- S60 vein /
- southern-medium ore belt /
- Xiaoqinling
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图 2 杨砦峪矿区地质图（a）（据Jian et al., 2014）与樊岔矿区地质图（b）（据展恩鹏等，2019）
Figure 2. (a) Geological map of the Yangzhaiyu gold deposit, (b) geological map of the Fancha gold deposit
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图 3 杨砦峪、樊岔矿床S60矿脉蚀变特征
Figure 3. The alteration of S60 vein in Yangzhaiyu and Fancha deposit
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图 4 S60矿脉不同矿化阶段矿物穿插关系
a.第1阶段石英脉中粗粒自形黄铁矿；b.第3阶段方铅矿–黄铁矿–石英–黄铜矿网脉穿插第2阶段黄铁矿–石英脉；c.第3阶段方铅矿–石英–方解石呈网脉状分布于第1阶段石英-黄铁矿脉；d.第2阶段细脉状黄铁矿穿插第1阶段粗大石英脉； e.第3阶段方铅矿–石英脉呈透镜状产于早阶段石英–黄铁矿脉中；f.第4阶段石英–碳酸盐岩–长石脉被后期构造运动剪切成透镜状；g.第4阶段石英–碳酸盐–长石脉随后期构造运动弯曲变形
Figure 4. The mineral interspersed relationship of S60 vein in different mineralization stage
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图 5 S60矿脉不同世代黄铁矿的结构、形态及分布特征
a～c. 第1世代粗粒黄铁矿（PyⅠ），呈立方体晶形分布于乳白色石英中；d～f. 第2世代中细粒黄铁矿（PyⅡ），呈脉状分布于烟灰色的石英脉中，黄铁矿较为破碎，形成众多裂隙被长英质物质充填；g～i. 第3世代黄铁矿（PyⅢ），常常与黄铜矿、闪锌矿、方铅矿等硫化物密切共生；Py. 黄铁矿；PyⅠ. 第1世代黄铁矿；PyⅡ. 第2世代黄铁矿；PyⅢ. 第3世代黄铁矿；Gn. 方铅矿；Sp. 闪锌矿；Ccp. 黄铜矿
Figure 5. The structure and distribution about different generation pyrites of S60 vein
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图 6 S60矿脉不同世代黄铁矿中微量元素的LA-ICP-MS剥蚀曲线
Figure 6. Time-resolved laser ablation depth-profiles of representative grains of different stage pyrites from S60 mineral vein
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图 7 S60矿脉PyⅡ中Au与Ag-Te-As的相关关系
Figure 7. Au, Ag, Te, and As absolute cps values for the second generation
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图 8 S60矿脉不同世代黄铁矿Co、Ni元素在黄铁矿颗粒中的分布及含量
Figure 8. The distribution and absolute contents of Co and Ni from the different generation of pyrites in S60 mineral vein
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图 9 克拉通破坏型金矿成矿模式图（朱日祥，2021）
Figure 9. The metallogenic model of decratonic gold deposits
表 1 小秦岭南中矿带S60矿脉不同世代黄铁矿LA-ICP-MS微量元素(10−6)分析结果
Table 1 Trace elements analysis(10−6) for different generation pyrites of S60 vein from southern-medium ore belt of Xiaoqinling
样品编号 黄铁矿世代 微量元素含量 Au Ag As Te Co Ni B3/YM810-16-5 PyⅠ 0.289 0.261 0.000 3.008 51.065 10.156 B4/ym860-3 PyⅠ 0.125 0.898 0.375 0.589 172.563 102.110 B1-2/ym980-60-1 PyⅠ 0.064 1.352 0.000 6.772 0.165 5.593 B1/YM1100-60-1-4 PyⅠ 0.027 0.000 1.290 0.174 0.000 1.170 B1/YM1340-706(2)-1 PyⅠ 0.026 0.023 10.510 2.143 1617.610 139.482 B3/YM810-16-1 PyⅠ 0.020 0.641 0.088 0.362 0.783 0.857 B1/YM1250-S60-2 PyⅠ 0.012 0.579 0.448 3.937 1.266 3988.748 B1/YM1250-S60-1 PyⅠ 0.009 3.165 0.000 12.774 103.671 57.349 B1/YM860-60-3 PyⅠ 0.008 2.919 0.000 0.038 46.078 161.800 B2/YM1100-60-1-1 PyⅠ 0.003 0.005 4.032 0.311 2773.345 39.256 B3/YM810-16-3 PyⅠ 0.002 1.148 0.644 22.432 10.573 2.247 B1/YM1100-60-1-5 PyⅠ 0.001 0.003 0.722 0.368 0.026 0.923 B3/YM1220-6'-2 PyⅠ 0.000 0.005 12.879 0.185 30.398 559.956 B1/YM860-60-4 PyⅠ 0.000 0.014 8.301 0.000 1215.701 17.754 B1/YM860-60-8 PyⅠ 0.000 0.003 2.407 0.152 370.177 28.096 B1/YM1100-60-1-1 PyⅠ 0.000 0.190 0.223 0.246 5.428 13.462 B1/YM1100-60-1-2 PyⅠ 0.000 0.802 0.010 0.455 1.076 35.580 B1/YM1100-60-1-3 PyⅠ 0.000 0.030 0.328 0.028 1.535 89.319 B1/YM1340-706(2)-2 PyⅠ 0.000 0.120 8.599 0.676 1361.614 56.775 B2/YM1100-60-1-4 PyⅠ 0.000 0.000 2.408 0.052 116.124 38.612 B2/YM1100-60-1-5 PyⅠ 0.000 0.047 2.206 0.120 183.658 15.761 J1/YM1140(1)-2 PyⅠ 0.000 4.355 9.233 0.001 0.017 3.220 J1/YM1140(1)-3 PyⅠ 0.000 4.045 10.151 0.000 0.018 3.984 B1/ym730-2 PyⅡ 36.922 153.509 0.265 44.136 156.506 158.765 B1/YM1100-60-1-6 PyⅡ 22.339 189.304 1.050 1949.083 21.412 94.730 B2/YM1100-60-1-2 PyⅡ 0.031 0.000 6.444 0.314 10.712 367.962 B1/ym860-1 PyⅡ 0.114 0.076 0.218 0.824 211.179 248.814 B4/YM540-FC-5 PyⅡ 284.940 218.853 0.258 477.787 56.877 628.359 J2/YM540-FC(2)-1 PyⅡ 129.061 316.858 0.157 21182.135 5.084 11.049 J2/YM540-FC(2)-5 PyⅡ 56.407 164.167 1.608 867.542 155.490 286.144 B4/YM540-FC-6 PyⅡ 12.492 22.570 0.219 87.628 8.755 199.259 B4/YM540-FC-1 PyⅡ 4.139 3.626 0.029 20.804 109.985 169.994 B1/YM1250-S60-5 PyⅢ 0.143 7.555 0.081 25.553 103.771 387.159 J1/YM1140(1)-1 PyⅢ 0.072 19.842 351.868 1.610 0.180 13.184 B1/YM1340-706-6 PyⅢ 0.052 0.119 0.357 9.325 7.543 181.415 B2-1/YM800-60-6 PyⅢ 0.047 0.263 0.000 0.436 0.560 175.172 B3/YM1220-6'-4 PyⅢ 0.040 0.161 5.777 0.526 21.375 215.513 B2-1/YM800-60-4 PyⅢ 0.031 0.071 4.224 0.850 968.843 323.802 B3-2/YM980-60-2 PyⅢ 0.023 4.536 16.324 2.621 3047.222 49.869 B3-2/YM980-60-5 PyⅢ 0.021 3.515 2.500 0.889 726.130 43.289 J2/YM380(2)-2 PyⅢ 0.014 0.019 0.693 28.829 1718.654 220.770 B1-2/ym980-60-4 PyⅢ 0.013 0.006 0.126 0.983 0.507 28.962 B3-2/YM980-60-1 PyⅢ 0.008 0.133 6.087 1.022 457.775 27.651 B2-1/YM800-60-2 PyⅢ 0.006 0.013 0.603 0.127 521.782 119.516 B1/YM860-60-1 PyⅢ 0.000 9.886 1.501 1.127 53.225 163.838 B1/YM860-60-5 PyⅢ 0.000 3.874 0.000 23.452 55.775 243.199 B1/YM860-60-6 PyⅢ 0.000 0.458 2.063 0.489 249.658 15.994 B1/YM860-60-7 PyⅢ 0.000 0.874 1.411 0.083 28.961 150.559 B1/YM1250-S60-8 PyⅢ 0.000 0.002 0.094 0.000 49.423 374.494 B1/YM1340-706-4 PyⅢ 0.000 0.006 0.172 0.235 222.915 94.672 B2-1/YM800-60-3 PyⅢ 0.000 0.656 1.244 0.464 3.368 215.149 J2/YM540-FC(2)-7 PyⅢ 0.657 2.018 0.000 274.815 40.359 163.165 J2/YM540-FC(2)-2 PyⅢ 0.485 45.818 0.013 176.692 0.025 0.000 J2/YM380(2)-3 PyⅢ 0.034 1.573 0.542 38.064 420.350 128.781 注：0代表检测限以下，样品采自杨砦峪、樊岔金矿床；测试单位为南京聚谱检测科技有限公司。 
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