Abstract: Conventional evaluation indexes of source rocks are developed for drilling core samples. The abundance, type and maturity of organic matter of outcrop samples are evaluated by using conventional evaluation parameters, which cannot effectively reflect the real situation of source rocks in the overlying area of the basin and affect the evaluation of hydrocarbon generation potential of source rocks. Based on the comprehensive evaluation of the characteristics of n-alkanes, iso-alkanes, terpenes, epiphanes and steranes of the carboniferous Amushan Formation source rocks in the Manghan Chaoke Section of Yinye Basin, it is clear that the water body of the source rocks of the Amushan Formation in the Manghan Chaoke section was deep in the original sedimentary period, and the sedimentary environment was reductive and oxidizing, and mainly in the reducing environment. Organic matter enrichment belongs to "productivity model". The organic matter mainly comes from algae, plankton and other lower aquatic organisms, and the source rock is in the mature to low mature stage. The systematic study on biomarkers of source rocks of Amushan Formation in ManghanChaoke area plays an important role in the objective evaluation of hydrocarbon generation potential of source rocks of Amushan Formation in Yinye Basin.