The Application of MT Method and 2D Seismic Exploration to Detect Geothermal Resources in Western Region of Taikang Uplift
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摘要:
为探明南华北盆地太康隆起西部地区深部地层结构及隐伏断裂分布情况,在研究区布设了两条大地电测探测(MT)剖面和两条二维地震勘探测线,其中MT剖面共获得63个测深点,二维地震测线共布设16.24 km。MT数据和地震资料运用不同的数据处理和反演方法,分别得到了可靠的地下介质二维地电模型和较明显的反射波组。探测结果表明,本次勘探精细标定出了新近系热储层底板和奥陶系热储层顶板构造形态和埋深,解译断裂5条。结合研究区地质、地球物理以及钻孔勘探资料,绘制了研究区新近系底板埋深等值线图和奥陶系顶板埋深等值线图。WR-1井深
3306.80 m,钻遇地层为第四系、新近系、三叠系、石炭系—二叠系和寒武系—奥陶系,钻探结果与物探预测较一致。通过对新近系馆陶组降压试验,其最大出水量为100.39 m3/h,出水温度为55℃,达到了本次勘查工作的目标,为后续地热勘探开发工作提供新的证据与信息。Abstract:In this paper the magnetotelluric sounding and 2D seismic exploration methods were applied to study the deep stratigraphic structure and concealed faults of in western region of Taikang uplift, Southern North China Basin. Seven MT profiles had been deployed which included 63 MT sites and 16.24 kilometres of two 2D seismic had been laid for in the study area. By using different advanced data processing and inversion algorithm, the reliable underground geoelectric models and multiplicity of reflection zone were obtained. The results show that the boundary of the base of the Neogene thermal reservoir and the top of the Ordovician thermal reservoir were finely calibrated. Five faults can be accurately interpreted with geophysical exploration. Based on the seven MT profiles and two the seismic profile interpretation as well as geological survey, geophysical exploration, the engineering geological drilling exploration, the boundary isograms of the base of the Neogene thermal reservoir and the top of the Ordovician thermal reservoir were delineated. The well WR-1
3306.80 meters deep, drilled formations are is Quaternary, Neogene, Triassic, Carboniferous-Permian, Cambrian-Ordovician. The drilling results are consisttent with the geophysical prediction. By the analysis of the steady pumping test data of Guantao Group of Neogene, maximum water output can reach 100.39 m3/h, maximum water temperature can reach 55℃. The purpose of the survey has been achieved, it is expected to provide a new evidence and information for subsequent geothermal exploration and development -
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表 1 豫东地区地层物性特征统计表(据李文勇等,2004;张加洪,2014)
Table 1 Statistical table of stratigraphic physical properties in East Henan Province
地层 主要岩性 电阻率 地震反射层参数 界 系 组 代号 井旁MT
(Ω·m)测井
(Ω·m)密度
(kg/cm3)波速
(m/s)波阻抗
(kPa/s)新生界 第四系 Q 黏土、砂质黏土 11.0~29.0 5~20 1.90 1800 34.2 新近系 明化镇组 Nm 中细砂岩、泥岩 4.5~17.4 2~10 2.28 2000 45.6 馆陶组 Ng 中粗砂岩、泥岩 3.5~6.2 2~15 古近系 东营组、
沙河街组Ed+Es 泥岩、砂质泥岩 2.5~5.5 2~8 2.37 3500 82.9 孔店组 Ek 泥岩、粉砂岩 3.6~12.9 5~10 中生界 侏罗系—白垩系 J-K 泥岩、砂岩 6.3~46.8 5~50 2.51 4300 107.9 三叠系 T 粉砂岩、泥岩 20.5~61.6 20~100 2.54 4500 114.3 古生界 石炭系—二叠系 C-P 中细砂岩、泥岩 17.7~37.2 30~300 2.52 4950 124.7 寒武系—奥陶系 Є-O 白云质灰岩、
泥质灰岩33.2~470 500~ 1200 2.67 6200 165.5 元古界 Pt 石英岩、石英片岩 150~ 1162 500~2 000 —— —— —— 太古界 Ar 片麻岩、变粒岩 1000 ~数万2 000~数万 —— —— —— 表 2 尉参1井和通许2井地层埋深统计表
Table 2 The depth of stratum by Well Weican-1 and Well Tongxu-2
地层/钻孔编号 尉参1 通许2 界 系 代号 层厚(m) 底深(m) 层厚(m) 底深(m) 新生界 新近系+第四系 N+Q 1175.10 1175.10 1266 1266 中生界 三叠系 T 504.42 1679.52 468 1734 古生界 石炭系—二叠系 C-P 1141.71 (未穿)2821.23 993 2727 奥陶系 O — — 149(未穿) 2876 表 3 二维地震勘探构造解译成果
Table 3 Structure interpretation result of 2D seismic exploration
断裂名称 上断点桩号(m) 断距(m) 断层性质 视倾向 倾角 可靠性 控制测线 冯堂断裂 3540 700 m 正断层 北 58° 可靠 DZ01 庄头断裂 6340 /10710 200 m 正断层 北 62° 可靠 DZ01/DZ02 明家断裂 8810 100 m 正断层 南 60° 可靠 DZ02 雷家断裂 13440 /4910 200 m 正断层 北 68° 可靠 DZ01/DZ02 表 4 WR-1地热井钻遇地层特征
Table 4 Stratigraphic characteristics revealed by geothermal well WR-1
地层 层厚(m) 底深(m) 主要岩性 划分依据 第四系 354 354 分散状未成岩的砂质、黏土 沉积物结构疏松,胶结程度差 新近系 明化镇组 366 720 棕红、棕黄色泥岩、粉砂质泥岩为主,与棕黄色中细砂岩、粗砂岩呈不等厚互层 钻遇明化镇组顶部棕红色泥岩 馆陶组 430 1150 棕红色、黄褐色泥岩与棕褐色、棕黄色、灰白色中细砂岩、粗砂岩、砂砾岩互层 钻遇馆陶组顶部棕黄色泥岩 三叠系 548 1698 棕色、棕紫色泥岩与棕红色、浅棕色粉砂岩、泥质粉砂岩等厚互层 钻遇三叠系顶部暗紫红色泥岩 二叠系 石千峰组 524 2222 褐色、棕褐色、棕红色、灰绿色粉砂岩、粉砂质泥岩为主 底部灰白色中砂岩“平顶山砂岩” 上石盒子组 302 2524 灰白色、灰绿色、青灰色中砂岩、泥质粉砂岩与棕褐色泥岩略等厚互层 底部浅灰色中砂岩“田家沟砂岩” 下石盒子组 258 2782 青灰色、深灰色泥岩、粉砂质泥岩为主,夹灰色、灰白色细砂岩、粉砂岩 底部灰绿色细砂岩“砂锅窑砂岩” 山西组 82 2864 深灰色、青灰色泥岩与灰色泥质粉砂岩、灰绿色、灰色细砂岩略等厚互层 太原组顶界深灰色灰岩 太原组 80 2944 灰色灰岩与黄绿色细砂岩为主,夹灰黑色炭质泥岩、泥页岩 本溪组顶界灰色铝土质泥岩 石炭系 本溪组 10 2954 浅灰色铝土质泥岩、灰黑色泥岩夹薄煤层 奥陶系顶界深灰色灰岩 寒武系—奥陶系 352.8 3306.8 深灰色、灰黑色泥质灰岩为主,夹灰黑色灰质泥岩 未钻穿 表 5 馆陶组取水段测井解释成果表
Table 5 The logging interpretation results of Guantao Group of Neogene
序号 起止深度(m) 孔隙度(%) 渗透率(10−3 um2) 泥质含量(%) 井温(℃) 厚度(m) 岩性名称 1 778.0~785.3 31.33 855.46 12.91 46.10 7.30 黄褐色中粒砂岩 2 823.6~832.7 28.79 622.81 16.20 46.60 9.10 棕褐色中粗粒砂岩 3 846.2~854.7 23.73 348.35 21.43 46.90 8.50 棕褐色中粒砂岩 4 881.9~888.0 27.85 591.83 12.16 47.30 6.10 黄褐色中粗粒砂岩 5 915.5~924.0 31.19 893.90 9.45 47.60 8.50 灰白色中粗粒砂岩、
砂砾岩6 958.4~963.7 29.25 714.52 14.65 48.30 5.30 棕褐色中粒砂岩 7 1052.9 ~1063.5 29.80 761.91 11.64 49.60 10.60 黄褐色中粒砂岩 8 1072.3 ~1078.9 26.64 469.21 9.04 49.80 6.60 黄绿色中粗粒砂岩 9 1108.0 ~1129.3 25.79 452.61 12.86 50.20 21.30 黄绿色中粗粒砂岩、
砾岩合计 83.30 表 6 WR-1地热井滤水管下入井中位置
Table 6 The filter tube into the WR-1 well position
序号 起始深度(m) 终止深度(m) 长度(m) 类型 1 779.51 785.42 5.91 滤水管 2 820.29 831.47 11.18 滤水管 3 843.09 854.24 11.15 滤水管 4 883.74 888.80 5.06 滤水管 5 912.05 923.10 11.05 滤水管 6 957.95 963.22 5.27 滤水管 7 1050.83 1061.96 11.13 滤水管 8 1073.59 1078.47 4.88 滤水管 9 1113.35 1128.43 15.08 滤水管 合计 80.71 表 7 寒武系—奥陶系测井解释成果表
Table 7 The logging interpretation results of Cambrian-Ordovician
序号 起止深度(m) 孔隙度(%) 渗透率(10−3 um2) 泥质含量(%) 井温(℃) 厚度(m) 岩性名称 1 2981.40 ~2983.60 2.75 0.20 9.00 103.70 2.20 深灰色白云岩 2 3004.10 ~3006.60 6.50 2.67 6.07 104.90 2.50 深灰色灰质白云岩 3 3017.90 ~3022.10 2.58 0.14 5.18 105.60 4.20 深灰色灰质白云岩 4 3076.80 ~3079.40 2.14 0.10 4.11 108.60 2.60 灰色白云质灰岩 5 3156.40 ~3163.10 2.59 0.10 1.10 110.70 6.70 灰色白云质灰岩 合计 18.20 -
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