Geothermal and Helium Resource Prospects in the Ordos Basin: Insight from the Curie Point Depths
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摘要:
鄂尔多斯盆地是一个多种资源富集的大型多旋回叠合盆地，居里面深度可为研究该盆地地壳热结构及氦气等资源分布提供依据。笔者在分析鄂尔多斯盆地磁力异常特征的基础上，利用功率谱法采用了多种窗口大小和移动步长计算了居里面深度，将其平均值确定为最终的居里面深度。结合地热及氦气分布等资料，分析了鄂尔多斯盆地居里面深度特征。鄂尔多斯盆地居里面深度为18～30 km，平均深度为23 km，盆地内居里面深度变化相对较小，表明鄂尔多斯盆地构造较为稳定，自盆地形成之后没有发生大的热活动。与长庆油田区地温资料的对比表明，鄂尔多斯盆地居里面深度变化与地温场特征较为一致，盆地北部伊盟隆起、盆地西部银川–靖边一带、盆地东南缘宜川–黄龙一带为居里面隆起区，推测地热资源潜力较大。鄂尔多斯盆地居里面深度与氦气含量具有明显的相关性，氦气含量越高，居里面越浅，推测是由盆地内氦源岩中U、Th元素放射性衰变生热引起的。根据居里面深度特征，盆地内除黄龙气田、东胜气田、苏里格气田西区、苏里格气田南区外，庆阳–环县–华池一带以及志丹–靖边一带可能也是潜在的氦气富集区。
Abstract:The Ordos basin is a polycyclic superposition basin characterized by a diverse array of resources. The depth to the Curie point (CPD) serves as crucial evidence for investigating the crustal thermal structure and helium resource distribution within this basin. Through an analysis of magnetic anomaly characteristics in the Ordos basin, we calculated CPDs utilizing the power spectrum method with varying window sizes and moving steps, ultimately determining the average CPD as our final value. We analyzed CPD characteristics in conjunction with geothermal data and helium distribution. The CPD in the Ordos Basin ranges from 18 to 30 km, with an average depth of 23 km. This relatively minor variation in CPD suggests that the structural integrity of the Ordos Basin remains stable, indicating no significant thermal activity has transpired since its formation. A comparison with geothermal data from Changqing Oilfield reveals that variations in CPD align closely with observed geothermal features. Uplift areas associated with shallower CPDs include Yimeng uplift to the north, regions from Yinchuan to Jingbian on the western flank, and areas extending from Yichuan to Huanglong along the southeastern margin; these zones are presumed to possess enhanced geothermal resource potential. Notably, there exists a clear correlation between CPD values in the Ordos Basin and helium concentrations found within natural gas; higher helium content corresponds to shallower CPDs: a phenomenon likely attributable to radioactive decay processes involving uranium (U) and thorium (Th) present within source rocks throughout this basin. Based on these findings regarding CPD characteristics, in addition to Huanglong gas field, Dongsheng gas field, the west of Sulige gas field and the south of Sulige gas field, Qingyang-Huanxian-Huachi area and Zhidan-Jingbian area may also area may also represent prospective helium-rich zones within the Ordos Basin.
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Keywords:
- Curie point depth /
- magnetic anomaly /
- power spectral method /
- geothermal energy /
- helium /
- Ordos basin
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图 1 鄂尔多斯盆地已发现的天然气田氦气丰度与热流图
热流来自中国大地热流数据库https://chfdb.xyz/show.html，氦气含量来自刘成林等（2023）
Figure 1. Helium content and heat flow in Ordos basin
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图 3 鄂尔多斯盆地居里面深度图
a. 采用100 km×100 km窗口计算的居里面深度；b. 采用150 km×150 km窗口计算的居里面深度；c. 采用200 km×200 km窗口计算的居里面深度；d.居里面深度平均值
Figure 3. The Curie point depth in Ordos basin
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图 4 鄂尔多斯盆地热流与居里面深度的相关性
Figure 4. Correlation between heat flow and Curie point depth in Ordos basin
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图 5 长庆油田区内居里面深度与地温梯度及
2500 m深度处地层温度（郭路等，2023）a. 地温梯度；b.
2500 m深度处地层温度Figure 5. The Curie point depth, geothermal gradient, and the formation temperature at
2500 m depth in Changqing oilfield![]()
图 6 鄂尔多斯盆地各气田氦气含量、居里面深度及热流
氦气含量来自刘成林等（2023）
Figure 6. Helium content, Curie point depth, and heat flow of gas fields in Ordos basin
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