ISSN 1009-6248CN 61-1149/P 双月刊

主管单位:中国地质调查局

主办单位:中国地质调查局西安地质调查中心
中国地质学会

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    岩浆铜镍矿床中硫化物的垂向物理运移机制

    Vertical Transfer of Sulfide in the Magmatic Ni-Cu Sulfide Deposits

    • 摘要: 硫化物作为亲硫元素的主要载体,其在动态多级岩浆系统内的物理运移和聚集是岩浆铜镍硫化物矿床的关键成矿过程。但目前人们对相关动力学过程的理解停留于经验认识阶段,即便仅是硫化物在多级系统内的垂向物理运移方向也仍未达成共识。小岩体成大矿模式强调富矿岩浆及矿浆的向上贯入,而岩浆通道式成矿则认为硫化物的向下渗滤和重力回流是主导机制。笔者归纳了硫化物动力学过程的全新研究手段,系统梳理了多级岩浆系统内硫化物液滴、混合液滴以及矿浆等的垂向运移过程及相关物理机制,并细致阐明了岩浆铜镍硫化物矿床中珠滴状、稀疏浸染状、稠密浸染状、豹纹网脉状、斑杂网脉状、块状、角砾状等典型矿石构造的形成过程。本研究旨在查明硫化物的垂向运移规律和物理机制,刻画成矿物质的物理富集过程,以期能达到高效圈定成矿有利部位,科学指导深边部找矿勘查的最终目的。

       

      Abstract: In the dynamic, multistage magmatic systems, the particularly important processes in forming magmatic Ni-Cu sulfide deposits are the transport and accumulation of dense sulfide liquid that is the main carrier of chalcophile elements. However, the dynamic behaviors of sulfide liquids in magmatic systems, remain largely empirical and poorly constrained. Even now, the well-know, ore-forming models have polarized viewpoints toward the direction of sulfide vertical transfer in a dynamic magmatic system. The "Small Intrusion Forming Large Deposits" model highlights upward transfer of sulfide-rich magmas and pulses of pure sulfide liquids, while the downward percolation, injection and gravitational back-flow of sulfide liquids play a major role in the formation of "Conduit-type Deposits". In this paper, we summarize the novel methods for studying sulfide’s dynamic processes, systematically review the vertical migration processes and associated physical mechanisms of sulfide droplets, compound droplets and pure sulfide liquids within multistage magmatic systems, and elaborate on the formation processes of typical ore textures in magmatic Ni-Cu sulfide deposits, including the sulfide globules, fine disseminated, dense disseminated, leopard net-textures, patchy net-textures, massive, and sulfide matrix breccia ores. This work is aimed at revealing the vertical migration and physical mechanisms of sulfides, outlining the physical enrichment processes of ore-forming materials, and ultimately achieving efficient delineation of favorable areas for mineralization and scientifically guiding the prospecting in depth and outside of orebodies in the future.

       

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