Abstract: Studying the spatial-temporal changes of land use and its response relationship with the environment is of great significance for the development of land resources, optimization of water resources, and sustainable development. Based on the Landsat images from 1985 to 2020, a total of 8 periods, combined with land use transfer matrix, the spatial-temporal changes of land use were analyzed, and the response relationship between land changes and the environment changes were explored. The results showed that in the past 35 years, the farmland area increased by 1433.62 km² (159.39%), and the construction land area increased by 155.67 km² (4064.50%). By comparison, the unused land, grassland and water area were reduced by 1558.43 km², 24.77 km² and 6.10 km² respectively. The farmland was mainly transferred from grassland, followed by unused land, the unused land is mainly transformed into grassland, and then into farmland, the substitution relationship of grassland to arable land and unused land to grassland was presented. The area with large migration intensity of land use change was basically consistent with the area of groundwater level drop funnel, and its changes showed synchronization and consistency. The change of land use and water consumption mechanism caused the change of groundwater dynamic field and chemical field, the distribution area of TDS freshwater in oasis decreased, and the area of brackish water and brackish water expanded. Land change was influenced by multiple factors such as water resources, population, social and economic development and planting structure, the social and economic development has a significant impact on LUCC.