Abstract: With the promotion of the national policy of developing the western region, the shortage of building materials in the surrounding areas of the northwest desert in China has become increasingly severe, making wind blown sand the main building choice an urgent need. This study innovatively utilized local waste drilling mud and lignin composite materials to improve aeolian sand, exploring the effects of different ratios of composite solidification materials on the unconfined compressive strength and impermeability characteristics of sand samples. The research results show that: ① Drilling mud and lignin as solidifiers can significantly improve the unconfined compressive strength of sand samples, and its strength shows a linear increasing trend, and with the extension of curing time, it first decreases and then tends to stabilize. ② With the addition of curing agent, the impermeability of the sample has been significantly improved, and this trend shows an initial decrease followed by a stabilization over time. The appropriate proportion of drilling mud and lignin fills the pores inside the sample, wraps around soil particles, and optimizes their structure, making the soil more compact. At the same time, combined with the bonding effect of ion curing agents, it can effectively reduce the size and connectivity of pores, thereby enhancing their ability to resist water infiltration. ③ A composite wind blown sand solidifier was proposed, with an optimal ratio of 3% drilling mud and 8% lignin. This solidifier is economical and environmentally friendly. This study can provide a new idea for the improvement of building materials and the resource utilization of drilling mud in the northwest wind blown sand area.