ISSN 1009-6248CN 61-1149/P 双月刊

主管单位:中国地质调查局

主办单位:中国地质调查局西安地质调查中心
中国地质学会

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    矽卡岩在碳捕集、利用和封存的应用

    Application of Skarn Deposit on Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage

    • 摘要: 由于大气CO2浓度升高引起的全球气候变化是21世纪最严峻的环境问题之一。碳捕集、利用与封存(CCUS)技术已经成为减缓全球气候变暖的重要途径。在25 ℃,溶液pH为5~8的条件下,矽卡岩中的硅灰石相对于其他的硅酸盐矿物具有高的溶解度,相对较快碳酸盐化反应效率,并且其产物方解石和石英具有工业和农业应用价值。与无水的CO2气体相比,硅灰石与含CO2的流体或者超临界状态的CO2-H2O混合物之间的碳酸盐化反应速率明显更高,其反应进度可能受到温度、压力、流体盐度、硅灰石颗粒粒度、体系中有机配体含量、水饱和程度(Sw)、水岩比值、反应时间、酸碱度(pH)、搅拌速率等一系列因素的影响。碳酸盐化的效率与温度、反应时间、水岩比值和水饱和程度呈正相关,与盐度和硅灰石颗粒大小呈负相关。以对湖南柿竹园含矽卡岩的超大型多金属矿床为例估算,其可封存的 CO2 量为29~140 Gton,与当前中国工业每年的CO2排放量相当。因此,矽卡岩在CCUS技术中具有非常大的应用潜力。

       

      Abstract: Global climate change resulting from the increasing concentration of atmospheric CO2 is one of the most critical environmental challenges of the 21st century. Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) technologies have emerged as a vital means of mitigating global warming. Under conditions of 25 ℃ and solution pH ranging from 5 to 8, wollastonite exhibits higher solubility compared to other silicate minerals, as well as relatively rapid carbonation reaction kinetics. The reaction products—calcite and quartz—possess substantial value for industrial and agricultural applications. Previous research has demonstrated that the carbonation reaction rate of wollastonite is significantly enhanced when reacted with CO2-bearing fluids or supercritical CO2-H2O mixtures, as opposed to anhydrous CO2 gas. The extent and efficiency of the carbonation process are influenced by multiple factors, including temperature, pressure, fluid salinity, wollastonite particle size, the presence of organic ligands, water saturation (Sw), water-to-rock ratio, reaction duration, pH, and stirring rate. Carbonation efficiency has been shown to correlate positively with temperature, reaction time, water-to-rock ratio, and water saturation, and negatively with salinity and particle size. Taking the Shizhuyuan super-large polymetallic skarn deposit in Hunan Province as a representative case, it is estimated that the CO2 sequestration capacity of such formations ranges from 29 to 140 Gton, which is approximately equivalent to China’s current annual industrial CO2 emissions. Accordingly, skarn formations demonstrate considerable potential for application in CCUS technologies.

       

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