Exfoliation Erosion and Deformation Failure of Excavated Loess Slope
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摘要: 人工开挖是黄土地质灾害最积极的诱发因素之一。为揭示非大型工程未经支护的开挖型黄土边坡在卸荷、剥落、侵蚀作用下边坡的变形破坏特征及其对边坡稳定性的影响，通过野外调查、原位微型贯入测试、室内试验等方法，对陕西省延安地区23处开挖型黄土边坡进行研究。结果表明，边坡卸荷剥落层厚度与边坡开挖年龄呈线性正相关关系，现场贯入阻力值与边坡开挖年龄呈负幂相关关系，浅层土体化学侵蚀现象较深层土体强烈。开挖型黄土边坡的变形破坏模式主要为滑移式崩塌和蠕滑-拉裂式浅层滑坡，崩塌的破坏演化过程主要为“侵蚀剥落-内凹-张裂-滑移”，滑坡的破坏演化过程主要为“蠕滑-拉裂-贯通-滑脱”。Abstract: Excavation activity is one of the most active factors to cause the loess geo-hazards. In order to reveal the deformation and failure characteristics of the excavated loess slope under unloading, exfoliation and erosion, and its influence on the slope stability, 23 excavated loess slopes have been studied through carrying out field investigation, in-situ micro penetration test and indoor test in Yan'an area, Shaanxi Province. The results show that there is a linear positive correlation between the thickness of slope unloading exfoliation layer and the slope excavation age, and there is a negatively power correlation between the on-site penetration resistance value and the slope excavation age, and the shallow soil chemical erosion is stronger than deep soil. The deformation and failure modes of excavated loess slopes are mainly slip-type collapse and creep-slipping shallow landslide. The failure and evolution process of collapse is mainly "exfoliation erosion-concave-crack-slip", while the failure and evolution process of landslide is mainly "creep-pull-through-slip".
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Keywords:
- loess slope /
- excavation /
- exfoliation and erosion /
- deformation and failure /
- Yan'an area
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