Abstract: Serbia is rich in coal resources. Its geological reserves are 18.983 billion tons and recoverable reserves are 7.514 billion tons, accounting for 0.7% of the world's total. It ranks 14th in the world's coal-rich countries. Among the coals, lignite accounts for more than 90%. The coal reserve-production ratio is 199in Serbia, and the degree of resource protection is rather high. Although there are as many as 34 coal-bearing basins in Serbia, more than 97% of its geological reserves and recoverable reserves are concentrated in such four coal-bearing basins as Kosowo, Kolubala, Metohija, and Kostolac. The eastern region of the Kolubala Basin and the central Kosowo Basin are designated as high-quality coal-rich areas in Serbia. Serbia enjoys basic political stability, good economic development and has no major investment obstacles. However, due to its small market, it is more suitable for small-scale coal resource development.