Abstract: Western Hubei is an important producing area of high phosphorus sedimentary hematite in China. The ore-bearing rock series consist of the Upper Devonian Huangjiadeng Formation and the Xiejingsi Formation. The former is mainly near-shore subphase deposition, while the latter is a relatively flat far-shore zone. The Fe mineralization is controlled by ore-bearing sedimentary basins and petrographic paleogeographic environment. The mineralization occurred mainly in clastic rocks and carbonate rocks.A complete transgression-retrogression cycle is established in the inner sequence of the formation.The basin began to sink to accept deposition in the middle Devonian, then depression accelerated to the deepest in the late stage of Late Devonian.In the end the basin rose, also causing a rise in sea level, and the basin sedimentary ended. The mineralization in sedimentary period is characterized by mechanical deposition, colloid deposition, chemical deposition and bio-deposition, mainly forming hematite.The mineralization in the diagenetic period is characterized by consolidation, recrystallization and new mineral filling metasomatism, forming magnetite.