Abstract: The Pamir syntax, located between the Tajik Basin and the Tarim Basin, is a huge mountain knot formed by the collision of the Indian and Eurasian plate. It is composed of the Hindu Kush Mountain in the west,the Pamir Plateau in the middle, and the Kunlun Mountain in the east, which have experienced the same geological evolution history.In recent years, large and super-large pegmatite-type lithium deposits in Hindu Kush (e.g. Pasgusta and Jiamanak) and West Kunlun (e.g. Dahongliutan and Hulugou) have been discovered. A large number of pegmatite veins have also been found in the middle of Pamir, though there has no lithium deposits yet. On the basis of metallogenic regularity, this paper,based on 1:1 million geochemical survey, assesses the lithium resource potentiality in Pamir syntax using the geochemical block theory. The authors believe that the middle of Pamir has much potential for large and super-large pegmatite-type lithium deposits, while the Dahongliutan area in West Kunlun has huge prospecting potential.