Abstract: Earth observation (remote sensing satellite) system is an important part of space infrastructure. Due to its advantages of comprehensive, dynamic, fast and large-scale data acquisition, it can be used as the core technology for dynamic monitoring and assessment of the global resource environment. Increasing global human activity has led to a gradual decline in the health of the planet's ecosystem, which in turn has had a negative impact on our own health. Based on the actual needs of effective earth health index information acquisition, earth health diagnosis and earth health status evaluation, this paper puts forward the key directions for the development of earth observation technology. Focusing on the scientific connotation of earth health monitoring and the goal of geohealth, we first systematically review the progress of new remote sensing earth observation technologies at home and abroad, and propose the main contents, technical processes and key technologies of the earth health examination. Then, the method of using new earth observation technology to support the construction of earth health spectrum monitoring network platform is summarized. Taking the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River and the key belt of black soil as examples, the regional demonstration of earth health examination is carried out in terms of land health and geological disaster monitoring. Finally, the future development of technology is prospected.