Abstract: As an important key rare gas resource related to national security and the development of high-tech industries, helium is widely used and irreplaceable in liquid fuel rocket launch, deep diving and other fields. In this paper, th authors summarized the distribution and production capacity of global helium resources, introduced the geological background of typical helium bearing and helium rich natural gas reservoirs in the world, further summarized the temporal and spatial distribution law of global helium resources., discussed the global helium potential and productivity pattern, and put forward relevant suggestions to promote the high-quality development of China's helium industry. The results show that: ①the distribution of global helium resources and production is extremely uneven, mainly in the United States, Qatar, Algeria, Russia, Poland and other countries. In 2021, the total resources and proved reserves of helium in the world were 48.4 billion cubic meters and 12.1 billion cubic meters respectively, with an output of 160million cubic meters. ②the helium resources used by the global industry are mainly stored in helium containing and helium rich natural gas reservoirs, which are mainly of crust type and only a few of mantle type. They have been produced from Late Proterozoic to Cenozoic, and are mainly distributed in three tectonic environments: plate edge uplift, intracontinental rift and deep and large strike slip fault zone. High quality helium source rocks are the material basis for the formation of helium rich natural gas reservoirs. ③the global helium resource potential is huge, the production capacity development trend is good, and the “helium heat” tide may change the world helium supply and demand pattern, and the global helium supply market will move from unipolar to diversified. ④facing the current pattern and development upsurge of the world's helium resources, China's helium development challenges and opportunities coexist. There is an urgent need to continue to work on the investigation and evaluation of helium resources, exploration and demonstration, and the establishment and improvement of the national strategic reserve management mechanism of helium resources; It is urgent to build a diversified supply system to reduce the risk of helium supply in China and promote the high-quality development of China's helium industry.