Abstract: The characteristics of heavy reser voirs is shallow, thin, dense and losse in Henan oil field. It is the model of all the country that exploitation of heavy oil in shallow layer should be. This paper reviews the construction course of heavy oil base in Henan oil field, analyzes the distribution feature and existent question of heavy oil exploitation, and advances methods of tapping the potentialities and counter move. Therefore, it will have great significance to accomplish continuity of production energy and tapping the potentialities and ensure the stabilized production during the period of the tenth five years'project.