Abstract: As the basement of territory plot,the natural environment subarea is a basic reflection of natural environment s compositive character. Based on climate subarea and geomorphology subarea and vegetation subarea (ecologic subarea )in Northweset China, it can be divided into five natural subareas: Altay-Junggar, Taklimakan-Mu Us, northeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau, loessial plateau and Qin ba mountains-Hanshui river valley.There are entive different in characters of environment and resource superiority among these five different subareas.So,these areas should be given different treatment in the counterm easure of exploitation and environment.Only exactly comprehend to natural environment characteristics of different subareas,a sustainable development of enconomy and environment can be achieved in Northwest China.