西藏羌塘盆地中生界烃源岩探讨
Discussion on Mesozoic source rock of Qiangtang basin in Tibet
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摘要: 羌塘盆地位于青藏高原中北部全球油气产量最高、储量最丰的特提斯构造域中段,是一复合对称型前陆盆地,具有广泛的中生界海相沉积和中国最年轻的海相地层,沉积厚度可达万米,其中侏罗系占一半以上.盆地经历了晚古生代大陆边缘沉积阶段、三叠纪陆间裂谷阶段、侏罗纪大陆边缘沉积阶段和侏罗纪末班公湖—怒江缝合带闭合以来的构造反转挤压—长期剥蚀阶段.羌塘盆地中生代具有广泛分布且发育良好的烃源岩,烃源岩厚度大,最厚处可达3000m以上,其中上三叠统的肖茶卡组、中侏罗统布曲组和夏里组有机质类型好,丰度高,成熟度从成熟到过成熟均有分布,埋藏较好,其生油量巨大,是盆地油气的主要来源之一.Abstract: Qiangtang basin lies in the north and mid of Qinghai-Tibet plateau,which locates in the mid-segment in the global Tethys domain with the abundant reservoirs of oil/gas.It is a compound and symmetry foreland basin.It has widespread Mesozoic marine deposition and the latest marine strata were developed in China.The thickness of marine strata is ten thousands kilometers,half of it is Jurassic strata.The basin underwent 4 major sedimentary stage:the late Paleozoic continental margin stage,the Triassic inter-continental rift valley stage,the Jurassic continental margin sedimentary stage finally,tectonic squeeze-erosion stage since Bangong-Nujiang suture closed at the end of Jurassic.Mesozoic Qiangtang basin has widespread and high quality source rocks.The thickness of source rocks is huge;the most thick can be up to 3 kilometers.The organic matter type of source rocks is perfect and its abundance is large.The organic matter maturity varieties from mature to overmature in Xiaochaka formation of upper Triassic and Buqu formation and Xiali formation of mid-Jurassic.The burial conditions of source rocks is a relative good,and oil production is extremely large.The Mesozoic source rocks are one origin of oil and gas in Qiangtang basin.
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Keywords:
- Qiangtang basin /
- Mesozoic /
- source rock /
- organic matter /
- oil and gas
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