早古生代北秦岭—北祁连结合部构造格局的地层及构造岩浆事件约束
Tectonic Framework of North Qinling Mountain and North Qilian Mountain Conjunction Area in Early Paleozoic: A Study of the Evidences from Strata and Tectonic-Magmatic Events
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摘要: 通过对位于华北、北秦岭、北祁连交界部位的武威—贺兰山—礼泉地区奥陶纪地层格架进行对比分析,初步认为奥陶纪时,北祁连洋、北秦岭洋和华北西南海盆相通。早—中奥陶世,自鄂尔多斯碳酸盐台地—鄂尔多斯西南缘—北祁连走廊台地边缘—北祁连火山沉积盆地,存在一个基本连续,由陆缘相至盆地相的沉积格架。对构造岩浆事件的对比研究表明,北秦岭西段的关子镇蛇绿岩中的火山岩具N-MORB特点,武山高家河蛇绿岩中火山岩具E-MORB特征,它们均形成于洋中脊环境,是早古生代商丹洋盆西延的证据。对北祁连东端的早古生代地质体初步确认有:具有N-MORB特征的赤沙火山岩系;形成于弧后环境的红土堡基性火山岩系和形成于岛弧环境的陈家河酸性火山岩系,显示了北祁连东端保存有早古生代洋盆及俯冲构造演化的地质记录。岩石学、地球化学及同位素年代学数据揭示北秦岭西端和北祁连东端均发育450~391Ma俯冲碰撞型花岗质岩浆侵入事件及408~415Ma碰撞变质事件,表明北秦岭和北祁连经历了相似的洋陆转化过程。因此,北秦岭和北祁连造山带在新元古代末—早古生代可能为同一洋盆演化的产物,经历了大体相当的构造-热事件的改造,两者可能在统一的构造动力学机制下经历了相似的构造演化,形成了大体相当的古构造格局。对比研究认为,东秦岭商丹断裂带向西可能与武山-唐藏断裂带相对应;北秦岭的二郎坪群向西可能与北祁连的葫芦河群相对应;北秦岭的秦岭群可能与北祁连的陇山群相对应。Abstract: Based on comparative analysis of Ordovician strata located in Wuwie-Helan-Liquan area which is in the conjunction area of North Qinling and North Qilian,it is preliminarily deduced that it was the same ocean covering North Qilian,North Qinling and North China area in Ordovician.In Early to Middle Ordovician,a continued sedimentary basin existed,changing from continental margin sedimentary series to typical basin sedimentary series.It was developed from interior Ordos carbonate plat form to southwest marg in of Ordos,then to margin of North Qilian Lobby plat form,and finally to North Qilian volcanic rocks basin.Moreover,study on tectonic magmatic event indicated that volcanic rocks developed in Guanzizhen ophoilite have the same feat ures as N-MORB and those developed in Gaojiahe ophoilite are the same as E-MORB.This suggested that they are derived from mid-ocean ridge setting and represented the west extending of Shangdan Paleozoic ocean basin.The east area of North Qilian is preliminarily confirmed to have N-MORB type basalts which can be found in Chisha,BA-type basic volcanic rocks found in Hongtubu and IAB-type acid volcanic rocks found in Chenjiahe.This provided clear clues to the existence of Paleozoic ocean in east section of North Qilian.Detailed data of petrology,geochemistry and isotope dating show both west section of North Qinling and east section of North Qinlian devel oped 450~391Ma and 408~415 Ma granitic magmatic events.The former are related with subduction or collisional events and the later related with collisional events.All above indicated that the same ocean covering North Qinling and North Qilian had undergone the same tectonic evolution.In other words,North Qilian and North Qiling have the same framework and the same dynamical system in Early Paleozoic.Comparative analysis indicated that,Shangdan fault in East Qinling corresponds with Wushan-Tang zangfault; the Erlangping Formation in North Qinling corresponds with Huluhe Formation in North Qilian; and Qinling Formation in North Qinling corresponds with Longshan Formation in North Qilian.