Abstract: During coal production,accidents of coal and gas outburst happen frequently in china,which has become the top killer of miners.Coal and gas outburst is the result of various factors such as ground stress,gas,and coal body structure,of which the geological factor plays a leading role.Complex regional geological structures are usually of the gas disaster-prone areas.The position where coal and gas outburst of ten happens is usullrally related to the destruction of the geological structures,such as secondary fault, small anticline,and fractured zone.The author briefly describes a method,the Rayleigh wave exploration technology,for detecting regional geological structure.This method makes use of the Rayleigh wave dispersion characteristics and the principles related to mechanical properties of rock and soil.The analysis, process,and interpretation of the undergr ound field data shows that the prediction of abnormal area is in good agreement with that of practical drilling.So it is an effective detecting method.