中国钼矿床主要类型及成矿预测
The Major Type and Mineralization Prediction of Molybdenum Deposits in China
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摘要: 中国钼矿资源丰富，遍布各省区，矿床类型多，元素组合多样。在广泛搜集文献资料与实地研究的基础上，总结了中国钼矿资源特点，并综合考虑矿床成因、赋存状况、控矿因素、矿石成分及结构构造等因素，将中国钼矿床类型划分为4组12类19个矿床式；进一步归纳了各类典型矿床矿体赋存状况、热液蚀变、矿化组合特征。同时从构造、岩浆等方面分析了我国钼矿的找矿潜力和中国大陆造山环境下斑岩型钼矿形成的地质条件背景；总结了各种类型钼矿的成矿特征，通过对大地构造背景、构造-岩浆-流体事件及元素组合规律等的研究，指出以岩浆型钼矿为主，热液型钼矿次之的研究、勘查层次；重点对东秦岭、燕辽及特提斯钼成矿区进行了预测，明确了这些地区下一步钼矿勘查工作的重点，这对我国钼矿地质找矿和矿床研究具有指导意义。Abstract: Molybdenite is abundant in China and it distributed extensively in every province. The type and elements combination of Mo deposits are diverse. Based on extensive data collection and field investigation, this paper summarized the characteristics of molybdenum ore resources in China and divided Mo deposits in China into 4 groups, 12 classes, 19 ore deposit-types in comprehensive consideration of ore deposit genesis, occurrence condition and ore-controlling factors, ore components, tectonic structure etc. And further we concluded ore body occurrence condition, hydrothermal alteration and mineralization assemblages of every type of Mo deposits. According to the analysis of tectonic, magma, etc, the prospecting potential of molybdenum in China is great. We analyzed porphyry Mo deposits' geological formation background of the continental orogenic environment in China and summarized various metallogenic characteristics of magmatic type Mo deposits. Through analysis on tectonic background, tectonic magmatic fluid events and element combination, we point out the arrangement of study and exploration: the first is magmatic-type Mo deposit and the second is fluid-type Mo deposit. The forecast of east Qinling, Yanliao and Tethys Mo metallogenic area demonstrates the focus of future prospecting work in those regions, which has important guiding significance in geological prospecting and studies on Mo deposits in China.
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