Abstract: Based on SEBS (Surface Energy Balance System), an inversion of evapotranspiration of dry season and rainy season in 2012 in Hailiutu river basin was carried out. The authors analyzed the spatial distribution of evapotranspiration, and discussed the effects caused by depth of groundwater level. The results show that, in dry season, the major factor of influence is the extent of moisture content of surface soil. In rainy season, the major factor of influence is the covered condition of vegetation and the extent of moisture content of surface soil. According to the result, the total evapotranspiration in Hailiutu river basin in 2012 is about 8.76bou⁸m³.