Abstract: The structural layer of Greater Khingan Mountains was known as Paleozoic strata, while its ore-bearing strata were formed in Permian. In this paper, the data of geological mapping and mineral prospecting in recent years has been systematically summarized and studied, combining with gravity and magnetic field characteristics, seismic and magnetotelluric sounding data in this area. The results show that Paleozoic strata serve as the major structural layers in Greater Khingan Mountains, with an important part of Precambrian metamorphic rock series. In addition, the diversified formation mechanism of structural layerhas been discussed. The ore-bearing strata of Greater Khingan Mountains were not only formed in Permian, they were also sourced from Proterozic metamorphic rock series, Paleozoic fold series,Jurassic and Cretaceous strata, as well as various kinds of rock masses and volcanic rocks in Proterozic-Paleozoic, with diversified characteristics.This conclusion provides sufficient theoretical and practical basis to the diversified and multi-mode prospecting ideas in Greater Khingan Mountains.