Abstract: A major prospecting breakthrough for high quality graphite ore was made in East Junggar of Xinjiang. The graphite ore belt is large scale and has stable horizon, with large thickness and rich grade. In this paper, the mineralization geological background, the geological characteristics and ore-controlling geological conditions of typical graphite deposits have been studied. The results show that the crustal repeatedly extension and closure of the East Junggar had provided the conditions for forming the rich carbon-bearing formation. Then, there were series nappe movements in the orogenic phase and formed north-west-west deep faults and massive ductile shear zones, re-concentrated and enriched the carbon in favorable ore-forming space and environment; In the Paleozoic period, the magmatic rocks intrusion provided huge amount of heat and kinetic energy, which caused the carbon enriched, purified and recrystallized to became the graphite mine finally.