Analysis of Helium Accumulation Conditions and Resource Prospect in Northeast China
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摘要:
氦气作为重要的稀有战略资源越来越受到关注和重视。东北地区氦气资源调查研究程度较低，资源状况不清，富集规律不明。为了认识东北地区氦气资源前景，本文通过对东北地区主要盆地氦气资源调查研究进展与成果进行系统的梳理、分析，结合对松辽、铁法等盆地天然气田含氦情况的调查研究，总结了东北地区氦气富集成藏地质条件。研究认为，东北地区氦气资源主要分布在松辽盆地、海拉尔盆地、辽河盆地、铁法盆地等重点盆地，氦气载体类型主要有烃类、二氧化碳和地层水等，氦气成因类型为壳–幔混合型；东北地区广泛发育的印支期和燕山期花岗岩提供了丰富的氦气来源，深大断裂的发育为氦气的运移聚集提供了必要的通道，良好的保存条件有利于氦气的富集与成藏。
Abstract:As an important and rare strategic resource, helium has attracted more and more attention. Helium resources are abundant in Northeast China, but the degree of investigation is low, the resource status is unclear, and the enrichment is unknown. Based on the systematical analysis of the existing progress and achievements of helium resources in the main basins of Northeast China, combined with the investigation and research of helium content in natural gas fields in Songliao and Tiefa basin, this paper summarizes the geological conditions of helium accumulation in Northeast China and analyzes the prospects of helium resources. It is considered that the helium resources in Northeast China are mainly distributed in Songliao basin, Hailaer basin, Liaohe basin and Tiefa basin. The main types of helium carrier gas are hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide and water–soluble gas. The main genetic type of helium resources is crust–mantle mixed type, which is dominated by crust source. The widely developed Indosinian and Yanshanian granites in Northeast China provide abundant helium sources, and the development of deep faults provides the necessary channels for the migration and accumulation of helium. The good preservation conditions are conducive to the enrichment and accumulation of helium, and the prospect of helium exploration in Northeast China is promising.
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图 1 东北地区氦气异常井分布图
Figure 1. Distribution map of wells containing helium gas in Northeast China
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图 2 东北地区主要盆地氦同位素分布特征
Figure 2. Distribution characteristics of helium isotopes in main basins in Northeast China
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图 3 东北地区3He/4He–He（%）关系图（据徐永昌等，1996a，1996b修改）
Figure 3. The relationship of 3He/4He–He（%）in Northeast China （Modified according to Xu Yongchang et al., 1996）
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图 4 松辽盆地及周边花岗岩分布特征图
Figure 4. Distribution characteristics of granites in Songliao basin and its surrounding areas
表 1 研究区天然气组分、氦气含量及同位素特征表
Table 1 Natural gas composition, helium content and isotope characteristics in the study area
样品号 研究区（代号） He（10−6） 3He/4He（10−6） R/Ra 甲烷
（%）乙烷
（%）丙烷
（%）异丁烷
（%）正丁烷
（%）异戊烷
（%）正戊烷
（%）CO2
（%）22HQ01 长岭工区（CL） 78.27 0.4247 0.3033 94.11 0.7 0.04 — — — — 0.33 22HQ02 523.63 3.1838 2.2742 70.88 1.16 0.09 — 0.01 — — 20.41 22HQ03 509.02 3.0737 2.1955 67.49 1.12 0.04 — 0.01 — — 22.52 22HQ04 430.40 3.0519 2.1799 64.68 1.07 0.04 0.01 — — — 24.01 22HQ05 431.28 2.3763 1.6973 62.18 1.08 0.04 — 0.01 0.01 — 27.86 22HQ06 525.69 3.3476 2.3911 64.83 1.07 0.04 — — — — 24.03 22HQ07 286.50 3.1760 2.2686 56.4 0.92 0.03 — 0.01 — — 32.62 22HQ08 604.10 3.1782 2.2701 83.86 1.5 0.06 — 0.01 — — 6.18 
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续表1 样品号 研究区（代号） He（10−6） 3He/4He（10−6） R/Ra 甲烷
（%）乙烷
（%）丙烷
（%）异丁烷
（%）正丁烷
（%）异戊烷
（%）正戊烷
（%）CO2
（%）22HQ09 德惠工区（DH） 144.47 1.0545 0.7532 85.42 6.75 1.29 0.24 0.17 0.06 0.03 0.61 22HQ10 152.22 1.0780 0.7700 85.53 8.13 1.95 0.36 0.3 0.11 0.06 0.54 22HQ11 144.36 1.0647 0.7605 82.51 8.7 2.2 0.41 0.32 0.1 0.05 0.55 22HQ12 162.17 0.9520 0.6800 84.8 8.39 2.65 0.54 0.41 0.14 0.07 0.96 22HQ13 10.26 1.6461 1.1758 84.66 6.16 1.65 0.24 0.25 0.08 0.04 1.28 22HQ14 6.20 1.2129 0.8663 85.41 2.09 0.23 0.02 0.02 0.01 0 8.68 22HQ15 166.75 0.2928 0.2091 88.34 4.77 1.29 0.23 0.21 0.08 0.03 1.37 22HQ16 148.45 1.2750 0.9107 83.64 8.21 2.01 0.36 0.29 0.1 0.04 0.41 22HQ17 172.13 0.4675 0.3340 85.34 7.98 2.26 0.39 0.4 0.15 0.08 — 22HQ18 196.95 0.8389 0.5992 68.9 5.38 1.77 0.29 0.35 0.12 0.07 — 22HQ19 236.64 1.8760 1.3400 60.98 5.51 2.16 0.5 0.49 0.21 0.08 0.52 22HQ20 192.57 0.4460 0.3186 80 8.99 3.08 0.59 0.66 0.23 0.14 — 22HQ21 20.19 0.6843 0.4888 84.08 4.29 1.27 0.25 0.19 0.08 0.02 0.13 22HQ22 英台工区（YT） 16.34 1.8326 1.3090 — — — — — — — — 22HQ23 264.07 1.7920 1.2800 — — — — — — — — 22HQ24 265.13 1.9488 1.3920 — — — — — — — 0.04 22HQ25 108.91 0.4746 0.3390 — — — — — — — 0.28 22HQ26 126.05 0.4718 0.3370 — — — — — — — 0.26 22HQ27 240.42 1.8494 1.3210 — — — — — — — 0.84 22HQ28 314.11 2.1196 1.5140 — — — — — — — 9.41 22HQ29 伏龙泉工区（FLQ） 22.30 1.1220 0.8014 89.59 1.07 0.27 0.09 0.06 0.03 0.02 2.09 22HQ30 554.74 0.3301 0.2358 61.63 0.11 0.02 0.01 — — — — 22HQ31 497.43 0.0615 0.0439 89.4 3.5 1.1 0.21 0.21 0.05 0.04 — 22HQ32 360.00 0.3220 0.2300 83.09 4.44 1.37 0.27 0.32 0.09 0.08 0.15 22HQ33 王府工区（WF） 238.60 1.8340 1.3100 — — — — — — — 0.02 22HQ34 119.40 0.9128 0.6520 — — — — — — — 0.03 22HQ35 326.03 0.4200 0.3000 — — — — — — — 0.02 22HQ36 10.90 1.6814 1.2010 — — — — — — — 0.04 22HQ37 224.30 1.0486 0.7490 — — — — — — — 0.41 22HQ38 243.48 2.3940 1.7100 — — — — — — — 0.18 22HQ39 铁法盆地（TF） 338.42 0.6398 0.4570 83.73 0.45 — — — — — — 22HQ40 91.44 0.7196 0.5140 91.23 0.52 — — — — — — 22HQ41 200.95 0.5026 0.3590 84.49 0.62 — — — — — — 22HQ42 199.50 0.4900 0.3500 92.47 0.61 — — — — — — 22HQ43 219.36 0.5082 0.3630 88.13 0.43 — 0.01 — — — — 22HQ44 920.10 0.4816 0.3440 93.71 0.61 — — — — — — 22HQ45 1062.18 0.4732 0.3380 95.08 0.36 — — — — — — 22HQ46 207.46 0.4774 0.3410 91.35 0.51 0.01 — — — — — 22HQ47 149.68 0.5628 0.4020 88.91 0.72 — — — — — — 22HQ48 135.51 0.5068 0.3620 — — — — — — — — 22HQ49 236.71 0.5796 0.4140 81.05 0.5 — — — — — — 22HQ50 468.67 6.1908 4.4220 93.25 0.38 0.01 — — — — — 22HQ51 199.63 0.4503 0.3217 89.83 0.6 0.01 0.01 — — — — 22HQ52 276.72 0.4592 0.3280 91.74 0.51 — — — — — —
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