不同含水率与围压下伊犁高温冻土三轴力学试验特性研究

朱赛楠; 赵慧; 魏云杰; 郑剑锋; 王文沛; 张楠

doi:10.12401/j.nwg.2023006

不同含水率与围压下伊犁高温冻土三轴力学试验特性研究

1.
中国地质环境监测院，北京　100081
2.
中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院冻土工程国家重点实验室，甘肃兰州 730000

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划课题“重大崩滑灾害隐患精准识别与风险评价研究”（2021YFC3000404），“复合链生灾害监测与人工智能预测技术”（2022YFC3004302），中国地质调查局项目“重大高位远程地质灾害防治技术集成应用”（DD20179609、DD20190637、DD20221748）联合资助。

详细信息

作者简介:
朱赛楠（1984−），男，博士，高级工程师，主要从事工程地质与地质灾害等方面的研究。E−mail：6057817@qq.com

通讯作者:
赵慧（1981−），女，高级工程师，主要从事地质灾害与防治方面的工作。E−mail：330169675@qq.com

中图分类号: P642.3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-05-16
- 修回日期: 2022-11-22
- 录用日期: 2023-02-09
- 网络出版日期: 2023-02-14
- 刊出日期: 2023-10-19

Experimental Study on Triaxial Mechanical Properties of High−Temperature Frozen Loess under Different Moisture Content and Confining Pressure in Yili, Xinjiang

1.
China Institute of Geo−Environment Monitoring, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100081, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering, Northwest Institute of Eco−Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China

摘要

摘要:
为了探究含水率与围压变化对高温冻土物理力学性质的影响，以新疆伊犁河谷高温冻结黄土为研究对象，开展了黄土的矿物成分、物理性质，以及不同含水率和围压条件下冻土的三轴压缩试验。结果表明：伊犁黄土的粉粒与黏粒粒组含量占比较高，对冻融作用的反应敏感。低含水率时表现为应变软化现象，破坏形态以脆性剪切破坏为主，饱和含水率时表现为应变硬化现象，破坏形态以塑性鼓胀变形破坏为主，软化系数随含水率增大而逐渐减小。随着含水率增大，峰残内摩擦角逐渐降低，峰残黏聚力逐渐增大，变形模量逐渐增大。随着围压增大，弹性模量和损伤演化特征参数均逐渐降低，引入的损伤力学本构模型能够较好地描述高温冻土在不同含水率和围压影响下的应力应变全过程。研究成果可为伊犁河谷冻融滑坡成灾机理研究提供力学参数与理论依据支撑。
- 伊犁黄土 /
- 高温冻土 /
- 三轴试验 /
- 峰值强度 /
- 残余强度 /
- 损伤力学模型
Abstract:
In order to explore the influence of moisture content and confining pressure on the physical and mechanical properties of high−temperature frozen loess, taking the loess as the research object in Yili valley, Xinjiang. The mineral composition and physical properties of loess, as well as the triaxial compression tests under different moisture content and confining pressure were carried out. The results show that the content of silt and clay is high in Yili loess, which is sensitive to freezing−thawing. At low water content, the failure mode is strain softening and brittle shear failure, while at saturated water content, the failure mode is strain hardening and plastic bulging deformation failure. The softening coefficient decreases gradually with water content increasing. With the increase of water content, the peak residual friction angle gradually decreases, the peak residual cohesion gradually increases, and the deformation modulus increases. With the increase of confining pressure, the elastic modulus and characteristic parameters of damage evolution gradually decrease, and the damage mechanics constitutive model introduced can better describe the whole process of stress and strain of high−temperature frozen loess under different water content and confining pressure. The research results can provide mechanical parameters and theoretical basis for the study of mechanism of freeze−thaw landslide in Yili Valley.
- Yili loess /
- high−temperature frozen soil /
- triaxial test /
- peak strength /
- residual strength /
- damage mechanics model

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图 1 伊犁黄土矿物衍射图谱图

Figure 1. Mineral diffraction pattern of Yili loess

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图 2 伊犁黄土矿物成分含量图

Figure 2. Mineral composition of Yili loess

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图 3 伊犁黄土颗粒粒径分布曲线图

Figure 3. Grain size distribution curve of Yili loess

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图 4 MTS-810三轴材料试验机

Figure 4. Triaxial material testing machine (MTS-810)

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图 5 高温冻土三轴压缩试验设计方案图

Figure 5. Triaxial compression test design scheme of high temperature frozen loess

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图 6 不同含水率高温冻土的应力应变曲线图

a. 含水率 10.1%；b. 含水率 16.2%；c. 含水率 28.2%

Figure 6. Stress–strain curves of high–temperature frozen loess with different moisture content

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图 7 含水率与峰值应变和残余应变的关系图

Figure 7. Relationship between water content and peak strain and residual strain

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图 8 围压与峰值应变和残余应变的关系图

Figure 8. Relationship between confining pressure and peak strain and residual strain

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图 9 含水率与峰值应力和残余应力的关系图

Figure 9. Relationship between water content and peak stress and residual stress

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图 10 围压与峰值应力和残余应力的关系图

Figure 10. Relationship between confining pressure and peak stress and residual stress

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图 11 不同含水率高温冻土的峰后平均变形模量曲线图

Figure 11. Average post−peak deformation modulus curve with different moisture content

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图 12 不同含水率高温冻土的应力相对软化系数曲线

Figure 12. Stress relative softening coefficient curve of high–temperature frozen loess

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图 13 含水率与内摩擦角的关系图

Figure 13. Relationship between water content and internal friction angle

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图 14 含水率与黏聚力的关系图

Figure 14. Relationship between moisture content and cohesion

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图 15 不同含水率伊犁高温冻土的破坏形态图

Figure 15. Destruction patterns of Yili loess

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图 16 试验数据与模型拟合曲线对比图

a. 含水率 10.1%；b. 含水率 16.2%；c. 含水率 28.2%

Figure 16. Compared with the experimental data and the model fitting curve

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表 1 伊犁黄土的基本物理性质统计表

Table 1 Basic physical properties of Yili loess

序号	干密度（g/cm³）	孔隙比	液限（%）	塑限（%）	塑性指数	压缩模量 E_s1-2（MPa）	渗透系数（cm/s）
1	1.55	0.507	26.73	18.28	8.45	17.5	1.40×10⁻⁵
2	1.55	0.509	24.59	17.04	7.56	16.8	1.30×10⁻⁵
3	1.55	0.512	29.05	19.62	9.43	17.9	1.31×10⁻⁵
4	1.56	0.503	23.88	15.98	7.90	18.1	1.15×10⁻⁵
5	1.54	0.495	23.96	16.55	7.41	17.7	1.22×10⁻⁵

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表 2 不同含水率与围压下的应力与应变统计表

Table 2 Stress and strain under different water content and confining pressure

含水率 w（%）	围压 σ₃（MPa）	峰值应力 σ_p（MPa）	峰值应变 ε_p（%）	残余应力 σ_r（MPa）	残余应变 ε_r（%）
10.1	0.050	0.568	1.500	0.542	8.500
	0.125	0.724	3.500	0.697	8.751
	0.175	0.860	4.671	0.830	13.429
16.2	0.050	0.855	5.492	0.821	12.979
	0.125	1.044	11.065	0.968	18.055
	0.175	1.098	12.232	1.046	19.802
28.2	0.050	1.448	–	–	−
	0.125	1.486	–	–	–
	0.175	1.506	–	−	–

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表 3 不同含水率的剪切强度参数表

Table 3 Shear strength parameters of different water content

含水率 w（%）	峰值内摩擦角 φ_p（°）	峰值黏聚力 c_p（MPa）	残余内摩擦角 φ_r（°）	残余黏聚力 c_r（MPa）
10.1	32.5	0.122	37.0	0.076
16.2	30.2	0.219	28.4	0.218
28.2	10.9	0.588	–	–

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表 4 损伤本构模型参数表

Table 4 Damage constitutive model parameters

含水率w（%）	围压σ₃（MPa）	$ E $（MPa）	$ {\varepsilon }_{f} $（%）	$ n $	R²
10.1	0.050	37.87	1.500	0.142	0.948
	0.125	20.69	3.500	0.123	0.970
	0.175	18.41	4.671	0.122	0.964
16.2	0.050	15.57	5.492	0.132	0.928
	0.125	9.44	11.065	0.123	0.904
	0.175	8.98	12.232	0.122	0.912
28.2	0.050	10.95	13.227	0.101	0.959
	0.125	9.36	15.874	0.094	0.970
	0.175	7.62	19.762	0.093	0.963

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