Research on 3D Seismic Feature Enhancement Processing and Description of Strike Slip Fault Zone
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摘要:
走滑断裂带由于纵向断距小，超深层地震信号弱，常规叠前深度偏移地震资料难以满足超深层断裂带精细描述需求。为提高断裂带成像精度，指导走滑断裂带解释描述和评价部署，以顺北地区走滑断裂带发育区三维地震资料为例，建立了一套以提高地震资料品质的保真保幅优化处理、频谱恢复提高分辨率处理、频谱分解处理、频率域多尺度断裂检测等技术为主的走滑断裂带地震特征增强处理与描述技术，该技术组合有效拓宽了地震数据频带，提高了地震数据分辨率，使超深走滑断裂带成像精度更高，为超深走滑断裂带的精细解释、描述评价、三维雕刻提供了高品质资料基础。结合顺北地区前人研究成果，综合利用频谱恢复提高分辨率处理、频谱分解处理、频率域断裂检测数据，不同尺度断裂带特征及断储关系预测效果更好，为进一步评价断裂带和部署井位提供了技术支撑。
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关键词:
- 超深走滑断裂带 /
- 保真保幅优化处理 /
- 频谱恢复提高分辨率处理 /
- 频谱分解处理 /
- 断裂带检测
Abstract:Due to the small longitudinal fault displacement and weak ultra-deep seismic signal of strike slip fault zone, the conventional pre-stack depth migration seismic data cannot meet the requirements of fine description of ultra-deep fault zone. In order to improve the imaging accuracy of the fault zone and guide the interpretation, description, evaluation and deployment of the strike slip fault zone, taking the three-dimensional seismic data of the development area of the strike slip fault zone in Shunbei area as an example, a set of seismic feature enhancement processing and description technology of the strike slip fault zone is established, which is mainly based on the fidelity and amplitude preserving optimization processing, spectrum restoration and resolution improvement processing, spectrum decomposition processing, and frequency domain multi-scale fault detection processing technology, This technology combination effectively widens the frequency band of seismic data, improves the resolution of seismic data, improves the imaging accuracy of ultra-deep strike slip fault zone, and provides a high-quality data foundation for the fine interpretation, description and evaluation, and three-dimensional carving of ultra-deep strike slip fault zone. Combined with the previous research results in Shunbei area, the comprehensive use of spectrum recovery to improve the resolution processing, spectrum decomposition processing, frequency domain fault detection data, the prediction effect of fault zone characteristics and fault reservoir relationship at different scales is better, which provides technical support for further evaluation of fault zones and deployment of well locations.
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图 1 边缘保持构造滤波处理前后及残差剖面
Figure 1. Edge preserving structure before and after filtering and residual profile
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图 3 实际地震道不同频谱分解结果对比图
Figure 3. Comparison of different spectral and resolution improvement processing decomposition results of actual seismic channels
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图 4 相干体（a）与频率域断裂检测（b）效果对比图
Figure 4. (a) Comparison diagram of coherent body and (b) frequency domain fracture detection effect
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图 5 频谱恢复高分辨率处理前后剖面对比图
a. 原始地震；b. 高分辨率地震
Figure 5. Profile comparison before and after spectrum recovery high-resolution processing
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图 6 频谱恢复高分辨率处理前后频谱曲线对比图
Figure 6. Spectral curve comparison before and after spectrum recovery high-resolution processing
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图 7 T74地震反射波界面之下50 ms单频体均方根振幅属性平面（a）与剖面图（b）
Figure 7. (a) Single frequency volume RMS amplitude attribute plane and (b) profile of 50 ms below T74 Seismic reflection interface
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图 8 频谱恢复高分辨率地震断裂检测效果图
a.高分辨率地震剖面；b.相干剖面；c.频率域多尺度断裂检测剖面；d.频率域多尺度断裂检测数据自动解释追踪剖面；e.高分辨率地震与断裂自动解释结果叠合剖面
Figure 8. Spectrum recovery high-resolution seismic fracture detection effect map
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